Electronic
Poster Session - Neuro A |
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Animal Models of Brain Disease & Educational
Click on
to view
the abstract pdf and click on
to view the
video presentation. (Not all presentations are available.)
Monday 7 May 2012
Exhibition Hall |
16:30 - 17:30 |
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Computer # |
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3060. |
1 |
Arterial spin
labeling-based longitudinal monitoring of CBF and CVR
following permanent unilateral ligation of the common
carotid artery
Tom Struys1,2, Tom Dresselaers1,
Sarah Caers1, Wouter Oosterlinck3,
Ann Van Santvoort1, Ivo Lambrichts2,
and Uwe Himmelreich1
1Department of Medical Diagnostic Sciences,
Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium, 2Department
of Functional Morphology, Universiteit Hasselt,
Diepenbeek, Belgium, 3Cardiovascular
Diseases, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven,
Belgium
This study reports on the longitudinal changes in CBF
and CVR, assessed by ASL, in free breathing and
ventilated animals which underwent a permanent
unilateral ligation of the common carotid artery (CCA).
Data indicate that a specific vascular response is
elicited upon CCA ligation which suggests a temporal
limitation in auto regulation of the vascular network
and a spontaneous recovery over time. These findings
provide a better understanding of the effect of a
permanent CCA ligation and how it contributes to the
interpretation of the dynamics observed in the penumbra
CBF in the mouse transient MCAO model for stroke.
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3061. |
2 |
Long-term evolution of
multiexponential diffusion features in a model of transient
Ischemia in rats
Usama Abo-Ramadan1,2, Miia Pitkonen1,
Ivan Marinkovic1,2, Aysan Durukan1,2,
and Turgut Tatlisumak1,2
1Experimental MRI Laboratory, Biomedicum
Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland, 2Dept
of Neurology, Helsinki Uiversity Central Hospital,
Helsinki, Finland
In the present work, in a rat model of transient middle
cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) we measured the
temporal evolution of the biexponential brain diffusion
signal decay parameters (fast and slow apparent
diffusion coefficient ADCfast and ADC slow and fast and
slow fraction ffast and fslow) from the hyperacute to
chronic phase. The study showed that healthy and
ischemic brain tissues exhibit biexponential diffusion.
ADCfast show higher sensitivity compare to ADCslow in
characterizing ischemic tissue phases. Biexponential
analysis offers parameters which may help interpreting
structural tissue changes.
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3062. |
3 |
Profiling Wallerian
Degeneration in Ipsilateral Pyramidal Tract after
Experimental Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Shujuan Fan1,2, Frank Y. Lee1,2,
Matthew M. Cheung1,2, Zhongwei Qiao1,2,
and Ed X. Wu1,2
1Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Signal
Processing, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR,
China, 2Department
of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University
of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) often produces severe
neurological deficits in survivors, which is closely
related with secondary corticospinal tract (CST) injury.
Rodent models of ICH have greatly promoted the
understanding of histopathology underlying brain injury
and were employed widely for exploring therapeutic
strategies. This study investigated WD in pyramidal
tract, as part of CST, after experimental ICH using
diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and T2-weighted imaging
as well as with histological correlations. The results
demonstrated DTI as a valuable tool for detecting WD in
early phase and for longitudinal monitoring of its
progress at different stages with more accuracy than
T2-weighted imaging.
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3063. |
4 |
3D tracking of transient
peri-infarct depolarizations in ischemic rat brain by fast
ADC mapping
Victor E. Yushmanov1, Alexander Kharlamov1,
Stephen R. Yutzy2, Prahlad G. Menon1,3,
Paul A. Schornack2, Erik C. Wiener2,
Fernando E. Boada2, and Stephen C. Jones2,4
1Department of Anesthesiology,
Allegheny-Singer Research Institute, Pittsburgh, PA,
United States, 2Department
of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA,
United States, 3Department
of Bioengineering, Carnegie-Mellon University,
Pittsburgh, PA, United States, 4Departments
of Anesthesiology and Neurology, Allegheny-Singer
Research Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
Peri-infarct depolarizations (PIDs) in the brain are a
major pathogenic factor in experimental ischemic stroke.
The protocols for 3D PID tracking suitable for use in
combination with brain K+ imaging
were developed and refined. Transient changes in
difference ADC images were tracked by plotting either
their center of mass or their front edge in 3D. PID
tracks were followed, segment by segment, throughout the
whole brain beyond the usual position of a cranial
window in traditional PID observation techniques, and
the speed and direction of each individual PID segment
were analyzed. Full and detailed PID tracking was not
previously available.
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3064. |
5 |
Recovery of Locomotor
Function after Experimental Stroke Correlated with Enhanced
Neuronal Integrity after Amphetamine Treatment
Hua-Shan Liu1, Hui Shen1, Hanbing
Lu1, Yun Wang1, and Yihong Yang1
1National Institute on Drug Abuse, Baltimore,
MD, United States
In the present study, we investigated whether the
increase of fractional anisotropy in perilesional areas
after amphetamine treatment would predict behavioral
improvement in an elevated body swing test that has been
reliably used to assess neurological behaviors in rats
with ischemia stroke. We demonstrated a correspondence
between the temporal changes of fractional anisotropy in
perilesional areas and locomotor function in stroke rats
treated with amphetamine, suggesting that the structural
integrity may be used as an imaging biomarker to predict
locomotor function recovery.
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3065. |
6 |
DTI Reveals
Neuroanatomical Abnormalities in Gbx2-CKO Mouse Model of
Cerebellar Hypoplasia
Kamila U Szulc1, Sungheon Kim2,
Edward J Houston1, Eugenia R Volkova1,
Jason P Lerch3, Alexandra L Joyner4,
and Daniel H Turnbull1,2
1Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine at
the Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, NYU
School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States,2Radiology,
NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States, 3Mouse
Imaging Centre, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto,
Ontario, Canada,4Developmental Biology
Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Institute, New York,
NY, United States
Previously we have shown that Gbx2-conditional knockout
mice have hypoplasia of the vermian lobules and
abnormalities in the deep cerebellar nuclei (DCN). DCN
contain projection neurons that form the cerebellar
peduncles, which comprise the major input and output
circuitry of the Cb. We hypothesized that abnormal
morphology of the DCN is likely to be accompanied by
microstructural abnormalities in the cerebellar
peduncles, which was investigated using diffusion tensor
imaging. Our work is of particular importance as several
clinical studies of autistic individuals found
chromosomal abnormalities in 2q37 region in which human
homologue of Gbx2 gene is known to be located.
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3066. |
7 |
Diffusional Kurtosis
Detects Cortical Demyelination in the Cuprizone Mouse Model
Edward S Hui1, Joseph A Helpern,1,
David Guilfoyle2, Scott Gerum2,
Caixia Hu2, John LaFrancois3,
Xingju Nie1, Jens Jensen1, Ali
Tabesh1, and Maria F Falangola1,2
1Radiology, Medical University of South
Carolina (MUSC), Charleston, SC, United States, 2Medical
Physics, Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, New York,
NY, United States, 3Dementia
Research, Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, New York,
NY, United States
The cuprizone mouse model is a well characterized animal
model of demyelination. Recently, cortical demyelination
has also been observed. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI)
studies have demonstrated the pathology of the corpus
callosum (CC) in cuprizone mouse model, but no cortical
diffusion changes have been reported. Diffusional
Kurtosis Imaging (DKI) quantifies the non-Gaussian
behavior of water diffusion, contributing additional
information beyond that provided by DTI. Here we report,
for the first time, DKI changes in the cortex of mice
with demyelination induced by cuprizone, demonstrating
the significant advantage of microstructural
characterization using DKI, especially for abnormalities
in grey matter.
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3067. |
8 |
Imaging Seizure-Induced
Inflammation using an Antibody Targeted Iron Oxide Contrast
Agent
Ben A Duffy1, ManKin Choy2,
Johannes Riegler1, Jack A Wells1,
Daniel C Anthony3, Rod C Scott4,
and Mark F Lythgoe1
1Centre for Advanced Biomedical Imaging (CABI),
Department of Medicine, University College London,
London, United Kingdom, 2Department
of Pediatrics, University of California Irvine, Irvine,
California, United Kingdom, 3Experimental
Neuropathology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology,
University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, 4Institute
of Child Health, University College London, London,
United Kingdom
Neuroinflammation has been implicated in both seizure
induced brain injury and the development of epilepsy.
This study demonstrates that it is possible to image
regional VCAM-1 expression in vivo following prolonged
seizures in rats. This molecular imaging approach
demonstrates a highly sensitive marker of acute
neuroinflammation.
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3068. |
9 |
A comparative study of
brain regional T1rho values of spontaneously hypertensive
rat and Wistar Kyoto rat
Feng Zhao1, Li-Hong Zhang2, Jing
Yuan1, Queenie Chan3, David Yew2,
and Yi-Xiang Wang1
1Department of Imaging and Interventional
Radiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin,
N.T., Hong Kong, 2Department
of Anatomy, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin,
N.T., Hong Kong, 3Philips
Healthcare, Hong Kong
An alternate MRI contrast mechanism, T1rho relaxation,
has been suggested as a sensitive biomarker to detect
Alzheimer¡¯ disease and Parkinson¡¯s disease in
patients. T1rho relaxation in hypertension patients¡¯
brain is not fully understood. Spontaneously
hypertensive rat (SHR) is the model most extensively
investigated for evaluating hypertensive brain damage.
In this study, we measured the T1rho values in thalamus,
hippocampus and cortices of SHR rats and Wistar Kyoto (WKY)
control rats at the age of 6-month, and found the T1rho
values in these regions of SHR rats were higher than
those in WKY rats.
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3069. |
10 |
Assessment of variability
within small animal stereotactic neurosurgery and inclusion
of vasculature information for planning neuro-anatomical
surgery in the rodent brain
Janaki Raman Rangarajan1,2, Greetje
VandeVelde3,4, Kris van Kuyck5,
Maarten Depypere6, Friso van Gent5,
Tom Dresselaers3, Uwe Himmelreich3,
and Frederik Maes7
1Medical image Computing -ESAT/PSI, K.U.
Leuven, Leuven, Belgium, 2IBBT-K.U.Leuven
Future Health Department, K.U. Leuven, Leuven, Belgium,3Biomedical
NMR unit, Department of Medical Diagnostic Sciences,
Faculty of Medicine, K.U. Leuven, Belgium, 4Molecular
Small Animal Imaging Center (MoSAIC), Faculty of
Medicine, K.U. Leuven, 5Laboratory
for Experimental Functional Neurosurgery, Dept. of
Neurosciences, K.U. Leuven, 6Medical
image Computing -ESAT/PSI, K.U. Leuven, Belgium, 7Medical
image Computing -ESAT/PSI, K.U. Leuven, Leuven,
Flanders, Belgium
Neuro-degeneration research using small animal models,
often involve stereotactic intervention to deliver cells
or contrast agents (1) DBS therapies atspecific
anatomical targets. When in-accurate, the animal
experiments can be inconclusive or misleading, thus
increasing the number of animals, the cost, and the
duration of the study. Here errors in 2D representative
atlas based small animal stereotactic surgery is
investigated. By using multi-modal information of brain,
skull and vasculature we identify the source of
variability and as well the deleterious effect of
in-accurate stereotactic surgery. Although the results
are preliminary, the findings has gained interest among
neuro-scientists who see the opportunity to include the
vasculature information for planning stereo-tactic
investigations in small animal models. In future,
optimal planning and image-based follow up of
stereotactic surgeries in small animals may help exclude
outlier animals at an much earlier stage, and possibly
may reduce the number of animals used for such
experiments.
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3070. |
11 |
Long-term survival study
showing aging effect on the sensory function of peripheral
nervous system in rats using fMRI/fcMRI under 9.4 Tesla
Rupeng Li1, Jack B Stephenson IV2,
Nicholas Flugstad2, Xiping Liu3,
Christopher Pawela1, Ji-Geng Yan2,
Hani S Matloub2, and James S Hyde1
1Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin,
Milwaukee, WI, United States, 2Plastic
Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI,
United States,3Anesthesiology, Medical
College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
The influence of aging effect on peripheral sensory
function was investigated using BOLD fMRI and fcMRI on
rats. Results shows the sensory network in the cortex
peaks at adult age. At the same time, sensory network at
senile age shows strongest inter-voxel correlation,
which indicates a more optimized structure at this
period.
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3071. |
12 |
The Role of Oxygen
Molecule Dissolved in Rat Blood Based on BOLD MRI
Youngkyu Song1,2, Song-I Chun1,
Hengjun Kim1, DONG WAN LIM1, Young
Ro Kim3, Jeong Kon Kim2, and
Gyunggoo Cho1
1Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongwon,
Chungbuk, Korea, 2University
of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, 3Massachusetts
General Hospital, Lexington, Massachusetts, United
States
To accurately interpret the meaning of BOLD signals, it
is important to assess the effect of oxygen on SI
changes observed during oxygen breathing. Such
assessment is important particularly for explaining
unusual signal intensity changes. In these regards, (a)
for analyzing the contribution of oxygen to blood SI
changes, we compared T1 and T2/T2* relaxation times
between normoxic and hyperoxic blood samples; and (b)
for exploring the effect of tissue oxygen on BOLD
signal, we compared T1 relaxation time and SI changes
according to TE between normoxic and hypoxic brain
tissue.
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3072. |
13 |
Diffusion tensor and
non-Gaussian diffusion-weighted imaging in spine and spinal
cord in vivo
Masaaki Hori1, Issei Fukunaga1,
Yoshitaka Masutani2, Nozomi Hamasaki3,
Koji Kamagata1, Atsushi Nakanishi1,
Keigo Shimoji1, Koichi Asahi1,
Yuriko Suzuki4, and Shigeki Aoki1
1Radiology, School of Medicine, Juntendo
University, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan, 2Graduate
School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan, 3Juntendo
University Hospital, Japan, 4Philips
Electronics Japan, Ltd, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
The purpose of this exhibit is to present the optimal
sequences and their parameters for DTI in the spine and
spinal cord, including clinical cases. Moreover, recent
introduced diffusion technique, non-Gaussian diffusion
imaging in vivo will be also presented. In some
condition that it is difficult for radiologists to reach
comprehensive diagnosis with conventional MR imaging in
clinical cases, complementary combination use of DTI or
non-Gaussian DWI and conventional MR imaging will be
helpful for diagnosis of spine and spinal cord disease.
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3073. |
14 |
Contrast and optimal scan
parameters of T1-weighted MR imaging at 3.0 T: evaluating
with using computer simulation software
Shogo ODA1, Keiichi KIKUCHI1,
Hitoshi MIKI2, Yoshiyasu HIRATSUKA1,
and Teruhito MOCHIZUKI1
1Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic
Radiology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine,
Toon city, Ehime, Japan, 2Department
of Diagnostic Radiology, Ehime Prefectural Central
Hospital, Matsuyama city, Ehime, Japan
In this presentation, we will demonstrate that 3.0 T MRI
provides superior T1-weighted image contrast comparing
1.5 T with optimal scan parameters, and T1-FLAIR imaging
can depict better contrast than T1-SE imaging.
Additionally, we show the usefulness of computer
simulated brain imaging software we developed. This
software can reproduce the signal intensity and contrast
of the brain tissue under various conditions.
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3074. |
15 |
Radio-genomics: Genomic
Mapping, Gliomas and Perfusion Imaging -- a TCGA Glioma
Phenotype Research Group project
Rajan Jain1
1Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI,
United States
Glioma genomic mapping and its integration/correlation
with tumor kinetics, hemodynamic and physiologic
parameters can help in better understanding of the
molecular basis for commonly used tumor perfusion
parameters (such as blood volume and permeability). This
will also help improve understanding of various genomic
pathways involved in angiogenesis and their correlation
with perfusion parameters and patient prognosis.
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3075. |
16 |
Susceptibility Weighted
Imaging in the evaluation of movement disorders
Divyata Hingwala1, Deepak Gupta2,
Jitender Saini3, Kesavadas Chandrasekharan1,
Bejoy Thomas1, and Asha Kishore4
1Imaging Sciences and Interventional
Radiology, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical
Sciences and Technology, Trivandrum, Kerala, India, 2Stroke
and Cerebrovascular Diseases, University of Alberta, 3Radiology,
National Institute of Mental Health and Neurological
Sciences, India, 4Neurology,
Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and
Technology, Trivandrum, Kerala, India
In this presentation, we aim to describe the role of
Susceptibility Weighted Imaging in the imaging of
patients with movement disorders and differentiating
between the various disorders. The anatomy of the
midbrain and basal ganglia in normal subjects on SWI is
covered. A number of neurodegenerative disorders are
associated with abnormal iron deposition. Greater
hypointensity of red nucleus in PSP differentiates PSP
from both PD and MSA-P and the higher putaminal
hypointensity score discriminates PSP from PD. Patients
with coticobasal degeneration may show unilateral
increase in deep grey matter iron deposition.
Microbleeds seen on SWI may help diagnose vascular
parkinsonism.
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3076. |
17 |
Meralgia Paresthetica:
Diagnostic Role of 3 Tesla MR Neurography
Avneesh Chhabra1, Gaurav K Thawait1,
Michael Rantiolu Aro1, Allan J Belzberg2,
and John A Carrino1
1Radiology, Johns Hopkins University- School
of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States, 2Neurosurgery,
Johns Hopkins University- School of Medicine, Baltimore,
Maryland, United States
This exhibit states the importance of High resolution 3T
MR Neurography in cases of Meralgia Paresthetica.
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3077. |
18 |
Arterial spin labelling in
routine clinical practice
Peter Brotchie1,2, and Pei Fun Kwan1,2
1MRI, Geelong Hospital, Geelong, Victoria,
Australia, 2Radiology,
University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Arterial Spin Labelling (ASL) is an MRI sequence for
performing perfusion imaging of the brain without the
need for intravenous contrast agents. The sequence was
first described almost 20 years ago. However, it has
been slow to be adopted into clinical practice. This
presentation is a pictorial review of ASL in a routine
hospital based clinical practice, demonstrating the
clinical utility of the sequence in a number of
conditions. A number of ASL cases are presented
including the grading of gliomas, assessing acute
cerebral infarcts, post-endarterectomy hyperperfusion
syndrome, dementia, epilepsy and migraine. In addition,
a number of artefacts are demonstrated that are peculiar
to ASL and need to be recognised to avoid misdiagnosing
pathology. The studies were all performed on a 3 tesla
Siemens Trio MRI scanner with a 32 channel head coil,
using a pulsed ASL sequence supplied by Siemens.
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3078. |
19 |
Serial measurement of
arterial spin labeling for evaluation of vasospasm after
subarachnoid hemorrhage
Yasutaka Fushimi1, Kunihiro Aoyama2,
Tomohisa Okada3, Akihiro Miyasaki2,
Hideaki Taki2, Kazunori Shibamoto2,
and Kaori Togashi3
1Radiology, Ichinomiyanishi hospital,
Ichinomiya, Aichi, Japan, 2Neurosurgery,
Ichinomiyanishi hospital, Ichinomiya, Japan, 3Diagnostic
Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate
School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
Serial ASL measurement will detect the decline of CBF
related to vasospasm during the state of postoperative
course of aneurysmal SAH.
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3079. |
20 |
Why not MRI? Localization
and characterization of parathyroid adenomas in primary
hyper parathyroidism
Hatsuho Mamata1,2, Daniel Ruan2,3,
Junichi Tokuda1,2, Balazs Lengyel1,
Hiroto Hatabu1,2, and Ferenc A Jolesz1,2
1Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital,
Boston, MA, United States, 2Harvard
Medical School, Boston, MA, United States, 3Surgery,
Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
MRI of parathyroid adenomas can be performed within a
reasonable time and can provide valuable information
about location and tissue characteristics of the
adenomas. MRI solves numerous problems of currently used
standard imaging modalities; 1. Detailed anatomic images
with excellent tissue contrast are obtained, 2. No
ionizing radiation exposure to patients, 3. Perfusion
evaluation equivalent with CT perfusion study can be
done without exposing patients to large amount of
ionizing radiation, 4. It does not depend on
technique/technician to evaluate the images or detection
of adenomas, 5. Intra-thoracic parathyroid adenomas can
be searched in a same MRI session.
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3080. |
21 |
MR imaging of Parkinson
Disease: conventional and advanced techniques
Koji Kamagata1, Masaaki Hori2,
Michimasa Suzuki2, Keigo Shimoji Shimoji2,
Atsushi Nakanishi2, Yumiko Motoi3,
and Shigeki Aoki2
1Department of Radiology, Juntendo University
School of Medicine, Tokyo, Chuo city, Japan, 2Department
of Radiology, Juntendo University School of Medicine,
Japan, 3Department
of Neurology, Juntendo University School of Medicine,
Japan
Conventional MR imaging of Parkinson disease (PD) is
frequently normal or non-specific. However recent
advanced MR techniques, such as Diffusion tensor imaging
(DTI), Diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI), Arterial spin
labeling (ASL) allow us to evaluate changes related to
the pathophysiology of PD. DTI shows changes of FA in
the substantia nigra and some white matter tracts. ASL
shows reduced CBF in the parieto-occipital lobe. The
purpose of this exhibit is to review the conventional
and advanced MR imaging of Parkinson disease and its
related dementia.
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3081. |
22 |
Diffusion Tensor Imaging
in Epilepsy Surgery
Sung Soo Ahn1, and Seung-Koo Lee1
1Department of Radiology, Yonsei University
College of Medicine, Seoul, Seoul, Korea
Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) visualizes white matter
microanatomy and integrity in vivo. Recent advances of
high-end MR technology and more robust algorithms
provide higher quality DTI and more reliable
tractography results. Commonly applied clinical field is
preoperative evaluation of brain tumors and other space
occupying lesions, various white matter and
neurodegenerative diseases. DTI can be also used in
epilepsy surgery with the same way as used in neuro-oncology.
The purpose of this educational poster is to review the
current status of DTI in epilepsy surgery and future
directions.
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Electronic
Poster Session - Neuro A |
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Animal Models of Brain Disease & Neurovascular
Click on
to view
the abstract pdf and click on
to view the
video presentation. (Not all presentations are available.)
Monday 7 May 2012
Exhibition Hall |
17:30 - 18:30 |
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Computer # |
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3082. |
1 |
MRI Detection of Spinal
Lesions in a Rat MS Model
J Scott Bluth1, Lisa C Loram2,
Mark S Brown3, Kendra M Hasebroock4,
David E Miller3, Linda R Watkins2,
and Natalie J Serkova4
1UT-Houston Medical School, Houston, TX,
United States, 2Psychology
and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder,
Boulder, CO, United States,3Radiology,
University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, United
States, 4Anesthesiology,
University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, United States
The goal of the present study was to establish reliable
MRI based protocols on rat spinal cord specimens of the
MS experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE)
model. The spines were fixed using 4% formalin (Study I)
as well as 4% glutaraldehyde (Study II). The numbers of
MRI detected lesions were then correlated with animals’
motor score. Since the new evidence clearly showed that
multiexponential quantitative T2 images (qT2) are the
most sensitive for detection of myelination and
remyelination, our initial protocols were mostly based
on T2-weighted techniques.
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3083. |
2 |
Preliminary Evidence of
DKI Abnormalities in the Hippocampus of a Mouse Model of
Down Syndrome
Victor V Dyakin1, Maria F Falangola2,3,
David Guilfoyle3, Scott Gerum3,
Caixia Hu3, Edward S Hui2, and
Ralph Nixon1
1Dementia Research, Nathan Kline Institute,
Orangeburg, New York, United States, 2Radiology,
Medical University of South Carolina (MUSC), Charleston,
SC, United States, 3Medical
Physics, Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, New York,
NY, United States
Mouse models of Down syndrome have been used to study
the morphological abnormalities and the mechanisms
underlying DS-associated cognitive disabilities, but
very little has been published using in vivo
neuroimaging, and there are no MRI diffusion studies in
any of these models. In this study, we characterized the
Diffusional Kurtosis Imaging patterns associated with
the morphological changes in the hippocampus of the 2Cje
(Ts2) mice model, showing statistical significant
decrease of axial kurtosis and fractional anisotropy,
perhaps related to changes in dendritic morphology seen
in this model.
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3084. |
3 |
Correlation of motor
coordination with in vivo metabolite ratios in
lysophosphatidyl choline induced demyelination model of
multiple sclerosis: A sequential in-vivo proton MRS study
Krithika Balasubramanian1, Uma Sharma1,
Senthil S Kumaran1, Anjali Chauhan2,
Yogendra K Gupta2, and Naranamangalam R
Jagannathan1
1Department of NMR & MRI Facility, All India
Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, Delhi, India, 2Department
of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical
Sciences, New Delhi, Delhi, India
Correlation between motor coordination changes and
in-vivo metabolite ratios was studied at different
stages of de- and re-myelination in an experimental
model of multiple sclerosis. Demyelination was induced
using lysophosphatidyl choline in the internal capsule
(ic) area of rat brain. Significant correlation was
observed between motor coordination and metabolite ratio
which was attributed to the damage to the myelin around
the motor fibers during demyelination leading to
decreased N-acetyl aspartate (NAA) and increased choline
(Cho). The motor coordination subsequently improved
during remyelination resulting in increased NAA and
decreased Cho.
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3085. |
4 |
Acute visual function
impairment in EAE is primarily caused by optic nerve
inflammation as assessed by DBSI
Chia-Wen Chiang1, Yong Wang2,
Tsen-Hsuen Lin3, Anne Cross2,4,
and Sheng-Kwei Song2
1Chemistry, Washington University, St. Louis,
MO, United States, 2Radiology,
Washington University, St. Louis, MO, United States, 3Physics,
Washington University, St. Louis, MO, United States, 4Neurology,
Washington University in St. Louis, Saint Louis, MO,
United States
Optic nerves in experimental autoimmune
encephalomyelitis (EAE) mice were examined using in
vivo diffusion
basis spectrum imaging (DBSI) to assess the contribution
of various underlying pathologies on the functional
disability. We observed that inflammation assessed by in
vivo DBSI
as the sum of increased cellularity and vasogenic edema
negatively correlated with visual acuity (R2 =
0.80) in acute EAE mice. These imaging based results
suggest that inflammation plays a significant role in
visual function in EAE mice similar to human optic
neuritis.
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3086. |
5 |
Biomarkers of
epileptogenesis in temporal lobe epilepsy: Quantitative MRI
and EEG
Zuyao Y Shan1, Irina Kharatishvili1,
Nyoman D Kurniawan1, and David C Reutens1
1Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University
of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
Following an initial brain injury, dynamic changes in
brain lead to the development of spontaneous recurrent
seizures, i.e., epileptogenesis. Understanding of
mechanisms of epileptogenesis is key to the development
of treatment strategies. This study combined
quantitative ultra high-field MR with EEG to
characterize epileptogenesis-related changes in TLE
mouse model. Dynamic changes were observed in HC, AMG,
and PHC following status epilepticus (SE) at different
times post-SE. The MR changes in HC and thalamus at day
7 was significantly correlated with spike frequency on
EEG. This finding suggests a critical time point during
the latent period of epilepsy development.
|
3087.
|
6 |
Multi nutrient enriched
diets restore cerebral perfusion and protect against
neurodegeneration in a mouse model for Alzheimer’s disease
Valerio Zerbi1,2, Diane Jansen1,
Maximilian Wiesmann1, Maartje Mutsaers1,
Pieter J Dederen1, Ilse Arnoldussen1,
Andor Veltien2, Sjaak Van Asten2,
Arend Heerschap2, and Amanda J Kiliaan1
1Anatomy, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical
Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands, 2Radiology,
Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen,
Netherlands
Increasing evidence supports the importance of lifestyle
especially dietary intake, in sharing a protective
action in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and cardiovascular
diseases. In this study, we therefore evaluated the
effects of a long term dietary intake of multi-nutrient
lipid diets on cerebral blood flow (CBF) and hippocampal
metabolite levels in an AD mouse model (APP/PS1).
Results showed that 12-month-old APP/PS1 mice have
decreased CBF and that specific combinations of
multicomponent enriched diets are able to restore
cerebral perfusion into physiological values, with signs
of decreased neurodegeneration, suggesting a potential
efficacy of multi-nutrient lipid diets in slowing AD
progression.
|
3088.
|
7 |
Imaging neuronal
degeneration in the mouse hippocampus after neonatal
hypoxia-ischemia using oscillating gradient diffusion MRI
Manisha Aggarwal1, Frances J Northington2,
Susumu Mori1, and Jiangyang Zhang1
1Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins
University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United
States, 2Department
of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of
Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
Hypoxia-ischemia (HI) in neonatal mice is associated
with significant injury to the hippocampus, with
progressive neurodegeneration in the pyramidal and
granule cell layers. In this study, oscillating gradient
diffusion MRI (dMRI) was used to probe microstructural
changes following HI in the neonatal mouse hippocampus.
The results show that frequency-dependent fADC
contrasts with this technique are uniquely sensitive to
early neuronal degeneration in the hippocampus after HI
injury, and can delineate the spatiotemporal pattern of
HI-induced progressive neurodegeneration in the
pyramidal and granule cell layers, which are difficult
to discern using conventional pulsed gradient dMRI.
|
3089. |
8 |
Therapeutic activity of a
new targeted theranostic agent for the peri-infarct region
in stroke
Jesús Agulla1, David Brea1, María
Pérez-Mato1, Miguel Blanco1, José
Castillo1, and Pedro Ramos-Cabrer1
1Clinical Neuriosciences Research Laboratory,
Department of Neurology, University Clinical Hospital,
University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de
Compostela, Spain
In this work we study the therapeutic capability of a
theranostic agent targeted against cells of the peri-infarct
tissue in stroke. We treated ischemic animals with
targeted theranostic molecules doped with citicoline. We
compare the therapeutic effects of these molecules with
those induced by free administered citicoline,
citicoline encapsulated in non-targeted liposomes and
the respective controls.
|
3090. |
9 |
Alteration of Metabolites
in the lateral septum of peripubertally stressed rats
Nathalie Just1, Matthieu Auffret1,
Guillaume Poirier2, Maribel Cordero2,
Carmen Sandi2, and Rolf Gruetter1,3
1LIFMET, CIBM/EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland, 2Behavioral
Genetics, Brain Mind Institute and EPFL, Lausanne,
Switzerland, 3Department
of Radiology, Universities of Lausanne and Geneva,
Lausanne, Switzerland
There is increasing evidence that a link exists between
exposure to stress in early life and long-term
alterations to brain function, which in turn have been
linked to psychiatric and neurological disorders in
humans. In the present work, proton magnetic resonance
spectroscopy was used to examine the metabolic effects
of peripubertal stress on the offsprings of control rats
and male rats themselves submitted to peripubertal
stress. The lateral septum was chosen as the area of
interest due to its role in stress mechanisms. GABA
concentrations were significantly reduced in the
peripubertally stressed offsprings. These findings
correlated with immunochemistry measurements.
|
3091. |
10 |
Using 1H MR spectroscopy
to evaluate the neurochemical effect of transgenic tauP301L
suppression by doxycycline in rTg4510 mouse
Dewen Yang1, David Caouette1,
Zhiyong Xie1, Carol Hicks1,
Anthony Milici1, and Thomas Bocan1
1Pfizer Inc., Groton, CT, United States
In current study, we designed a localized MRS study to
investigate the neurochemical effect of both chronic and
intermittent developmental transgenic tauP301L
suppression by doxycycline in 72 rTg4510 mouse brains
(36 rTg4510 and 36 wt). The study demonstrated that
prenatal combined with short-term postnatal doxycycline
treatment to induce Tau expression for 7.5 months delays
hyperphosphorylated tau formation and associated brain
metabolic changes. The MRS results agreed with the
associated histological and immunohistopathological
results as well as our previous volumetric MRI findings,
which demonstrated that localized MRS is a helpful tool
to assess brain metabolites in rTg4510 mouse.
|
3092. |
11 |
Metabolic Characterization
of Intracranial Lymphoma at 14T using Frequency-Selective 3D
Echo-planar 13C
Imaging
David M. Wilson1, James L. Rubenstein2,
Kristen Scott1, John Kurhanewicz1,
and Kayvan R. Keshari1
1Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University
of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA,
United States, 2Medicine,
University of California, San Francisco (UCSF)
Determining the extent of intracranial tumors is
critical for surgical resection and focused
radiotherapy, but is often difficult using traditional
1H imaging techniques. Hyperpolarized (HP) 13C metabolic
imaging methods have great potential, but brain studies
in clinical models have been limited by low spatial
resolution, with significant volume averaging limiting
interpretation. Here we report application of fast 3D
echo-planar imaging (EPI) 13C imaging methods to the
murine brain at 14T, in a primary central nervous system
lymphoma (PCNSL) xenograft model. Preliminary studies
using HP [1-13C] pyruvate demonstrated striking
elevation in the metabolite [1-13C] lactate in tumor.
|
3093. |
12 |
Metabolic Changes in
Hippocampus and Thalamus after Sleep Deprivation: An
Experimental Proton MRS Study
Iris Y. Zhou1,2, Abby Y. Ding1,2,
Frank Y. Lee1,2, and Ed X. Wu1,2
1Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Signal
Processing, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR,
China, 2Department
of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University
of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
In this study, in vivo 1H MRS was employed to
investigate the metabolic changes induced by sleep
deprivation (SD) in hippocampus and thalamus of a rat
model. Reduced NAA:Cr was found in hippocampus,
indicating neuronal loss and cellular dysfunction. The
reduction of glutamate observed in hippocampus can
reflect reduced cellular excitability. In thalamus,
lactate was found to decrease in thalamus after SD, as a
result of glucose metabolism decrease. Our finding of
Glu:Cr increase in thalamus possibly arises from
increased glutamine synthetase. The results of this
study provide neurochemical evidence of the behavioral
deficits associated with sleep deprivation.
|
3094. |
13 |
Longitudinal perfusion
change after intracranial stem cell implantation in chronic
Chao-Chun Lin1,2, Wu-Chung Shen1,
Yung-Jen Ho1, Yu-Chien Lo1,
Po-Pang Tsai1, Chia-Wei Lin1,
Chiao-Ying Wu1, Hing-Chiu Chang2,3,
Hsiao-Wen Chung4, Woei-Cherng Shyu5,
and Shinn-Zong Lin5,6
1Radiology, China Medical University
Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, 2Graduate
Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Bioinformatics,
National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, 3Applied
Science Laboratory, GE Healthcare, Taipei, Taiwan, 4Electrical
Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan,5Center
for Neuropsychiatry and Graduate Institute of
immunology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung,
Taiwan, 6Neurosurgery,
China Medical University Beigang Hospital, Beigang,
Taiwan
This study is to longitudinal follow up the perfusion
change after intracranial stem cell implantation in
chronic stroke patient. Our preliminary result shows
temporally increase cerebral blood flow and volume which
then decrease and are lower than the baselines in the
long-term follow up. The perfusion change is earlier
than the clinical neurologic symptoms improvement which
began from the 3months after stem cell implantation.
|
3095. |
14 |
Dynamic 3D Angiography
with Pseudo Continuous Arterial Spin Labeling(PCASL) and
Accelerated 3D Radial Acquisition
Huimin Wu1, Walter F. Block2,
Patrick A. Turski3, Charles A. Mistretta1,
and Kevin M. Johnson1
1Medical Physics, University of
Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 2Biomedical
Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 3Radiology,
University of Wisconsin-Madison
4D intracranial angiography with a pseudo continuous
Arterial Spin Labeling (PCASL) tagging scheme and
accelerated radial sampling pattern has been
implemented. A feasibility study has been done on
healthy volunteers and AVM patients and time-resolved
images were acquired with temporal resolution of 200
msec. It has been demonstrated that the dynamic
PCASL-VIPR technique can acquire a time series of
dynamic inflow images with high 3D isotropic spatial
resolution, and whole head coverage in a 7-minute scan.
Quantitative analysis using time-of-arrival maps can
also be performed on the time-resolved images.
|
3096. |
15 |
Shape of the DSC residue
data acute in ischemic stroke
Jeffry R Alger1, David S Liebeskind1,
Noriko Salamon2, Jeffrey L. Saver1,
and Danny JJ Wang1
1Neurology, Geffen School of Medicine at
UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 2Radiological
Sciences, Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los
Angeles, CA, United States
We studied the shape of the residue data that are
derived in DSC studies of patients having acute ischemic
stroke. Our results indicate that DSC residue data can
be modeled as a Gaussian shaped washout function having
a half time of 5 – 8 sec over a wide range of CBF and
CBV, including those typically found in ischemic core
and penumbra. The absence of a strong relationship
between CBF and residue half time indicates that nature
achieves higher per unit mass flow rates by increasing
the blood volume rather than by increasing the rate of
flow through the microvessel system.
|
3097. |
16 |
Analysis of diffusion
values for automated segmentation of stroke infarct
Venkata Veerendranadh Chebrolu1, Suresh E
Joel1, Dattesh D Shanbhag1,
Catherine Oppenheim2, Patrice Hervo3,
Marc-Antoine Labeyrie2, and Rakesh Mullick1
1GE Global Research, Bangalore, Karnataka,
India, 2Departments
of Radiology and Neurology, Centre Hospitalier,
Sainte-Anne, Paris, France, 3GE
Healthcare, Buc, France
Automatic segmentation of stroke volume is critical for
timely treatment decision. The performance of automated
segmentation algorithms depends on the thresholds set on
the infarcted and normal tissue’s Apparent Diffusion
Coefficient (ADC) values. Here we report the statistical
analysis of ADC and DWI values within the infarct and
normal brain tissue in 62 patients imaged at the onset
(Day 0) and in 51 patients after 24 hours (Day 1) of
acute ischemic stroke event. Based on the receiver
operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, we suggest an
ADC threshold of 0.745 and 0.755 for Day 0 and Day 1
respectively.
|
3098. |
17 |
Visualization of
diamagnetic materials inside paramagnetic lesions in the
human brain
Tian Liu1, Weiwei Chen2, Wenzhen
Zhu2, and Yi Wang3
1MedImageMetric LLC, New York, NY, United
States, 2Radiology,
Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong
University of Science& Technology (HUST), Wuhan, Hubei,
China, 3Biomedical
Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United
States
In vascular malformation or tumor, diamagnetic materials
including calcification and paramagnetic materials such
as hemosiderin may appear in a same lesion. The
knowledge about lesion composition is useful for
understanding the cause of disease and making accurate
diagnosis. However, this information is difficult to
obtain using conventional MRI alone. In this study, we
showed the feasibility of using quantitative
susceptibility mapping to visualize diamagnetic
materials inside paramagnetic lesions.
|
3099. |
18 |
Clinical application of
the high resolution MR intracranial vessel wall imaging
Jin Wook Choi1, Sung Tae Kim1,
Hyung-Jin Kim1, Pyoung Jeon1, Keon
Ha Kim1, and Hong Sik Byun1
1Radiology, Samsung Medical Center,
Kangnamgu, Seoul, Korea
High resolution (HR) MR intracranial vessel wall imaging
can acquire high quality images that could depict
intracranial arterial wall. HR MR intracranial vessel
wall imaging could demonstrate the various intracranial
conditions such as stable or unstable atherosclerotic
stenosis, vasculitis, dissection and perforating artery
disease. HR MRI could depict intracranial vessel wall
and its pathology and high-resolution, multisequences
have the potential to characterize the pathology in the
intracranial artery and may be a useful modality for
evaluating the degree of stenosis. Also, this sequence
makes it possible to depict some pathology in the vessel
wall without conventional angiographic abnormality.
|
3100. |
19 |
Reproducibility of Venous
Luminography and Flow Quantification Related to the CCSVI
Hypothesis
Eric M Schrauben1, Kevin Johnson1,
Scott M Reeder1,2, Aaron Field2,3,
and Oliver Wieben1,2
1Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin -
Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States, 2Radiology,
University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, Wisconsin,
United States, 3Biomedical
Engineering, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison,
Wisconsin, United States
This study demonstrates imaging with a radially
undersampled 4D PC MR technique, PC VIPR, to view and
measure flow within the cerebrospinal veins in a
reproducible fashion. Volunteers were imaged at three
stations to visualize the vasculature of the head, neck
and chest. This study shows the feasibility of (1)
duplicating flow measurements between scans, (2) the
ability to show and measure venous reflux, and (3) the
consistency of venous caliber assessments, including
that of the azygous vein, by CE-MRA scoring.
|
3101. |
20 |
Fractal dimension and
vessel complexity in patients with cerebral arteriovenous
malformations
Gernot Reishofer1, Karl Koschutnig2,
Franz Ebner3, and Helmut Ahammer4
1Medical University of Graz, Graz, Styria,
Austria, 2Psychology,
University of Graz, 3Radiology,
Medical University of Graz, 4Biophysics,
Medical University of Graz
The fractal dimension can serve as a measure for
morphological complexity in biological systems. In this
study, we proofed the usefulness of this quantitative
parameter in the measurement of cerebral vascular
complexity. Maximum intensity projections from
Time-of-Flight MRI scans from patients suffering from
cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVM) were
analyzed. We found that the fractal dimension was
significantly higher in the hemisphere with AVM compared
to the hemisphere without AVM indicating that FD is a
sensitive parameter to capture vascular complexity.
Furthermore we found that the fractal dimension strongly
correlates with the maximum slope of contrast media
transit in DSC-MRI data.
|
3102. |
21 |
Optimal thresholding of
Tmax and absolute quantitative CBF imaging in acute ischemic
stroke
Jeffry R Alger1, Danny JJ Wang1,
Sunny Q Hao1, Michael G Ho1,
Noriko Salamon2, Jeffrey L Saver1,
and David S Liebeskind1
1Neurology, Geffen School of Medicine at
UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 2Radiological
Sciences, Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los
Angeles, CA, United States
We sought to define the relationship between Tmax and
absolute quantitative CBF in Dynamic Susceptibility
Contrast studies of acute ischemic stroke. Doing so may
provide insight into past successes and failures
associated with using Tmax as a predictive parameter in
addition to defining whether Tmax should continue to be
used. Although Tmax is effective at detecting core
ischemia, there does not appear to be a Tmax threshold
that detects core ischemia with a high discriminatory
power. Given that absolute CBF now be reliably obtained,
thresholding of CBF images may provide a more reliable
means of identifying core ischemic tissue volumes.
|
3103. |
22 |
Hemodynamic steal in
patients with symptomatic internal carotid artery stenosis
and occlusion
Reinoud PH Bokkers1, Nolan S Hartkamp1,
Esben T Petersen1, Catharina JM Klijn2,
Bart van der Worp2, and Jeroen Hendrikse1
1Radiology, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht,
Netherlands, 2Neurology,
UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
Cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) is the compensatory
ability of the brain to sustain blood flow when there
are fluctuations in cerebral perfusion pressure through
vasodilatation of the cerebral vasculature. Negative CVR,
also known as hemodynamic steal, occurs when arterial
blood is redistributed from regions of exhausted
cerebrovascular capacity to areas with preserved
vasodilatory capacity (2). The aim of our study was to
investigate the occurrence and extent of hemodynamic
steal in patients with a carotid artery stenosis by
combining ASL perfusion imaging with a vascular
challenge.
|
3104. |
23 |
Resting cerebral perfusion
correlates with functional recovery in stroke patients
Ruth L O'Gorman1, Laszlo K Sztriha2,
Gareth J Barker3, Steven CR Williams3,
David C Alsop4,5, Ajit Shankaranarayanan6,
and Lalit Kalra2
1University Children's Hospital, Zurich,
Switzerland, 2Clinical
Neurosciences, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College
London, United Kingdom, 3Centre
for Neuroimaging Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry,
King's College London, United Kingdom, 4Beth
Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, United
States,5Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA,
United States, 6Global
Applied Science Laboratory, GE Healthcare, Menlo Park,
CA, United States
Brain perfusion may represent a marker for vascular
remodelling, with the potential to predict recovery.
This study examines perfusion changes in recovering
stroke patients, using arterial spin labelling (ASL)
perfusion imaging. Perfusion images were acquired from
stroke patients at 3 and 15 weeks after stroke onset.
Between the visits, perfusion in the patients increased
in the contralesional sensorimotor area, ipsilesional
cerebellum, anterior cingulate and cuneus. Higher
perfusion in the (structurally intact) ipsilesional
thalamus, insula, medial temporal lobe, paracentral
lobule and precuneus was associated with improved motor
outcome, demonstrating that perfusion can provide a
novel, easily obtainable biomarker for stroke recovery.
|
3105. |
24 |
Structural remodelling of
contralesional and ipsilesional white matter predicts motor
recovery in stroke patients
Ruth L O'Gorman1, Laszlo K Sztriha2,
Gareth J Barker3, Steven CR Williams3,
and Lalit Kalra2
1University Children's Hospital, Zurich,
Switzerland, 2Clinical
Neurosciences, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College
London, United Kingdom, 3Centre
for Neuroimaging Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry,
King's College London, United Kingdom
Structural remodeling of both ipsilesional and
contralesional white matter tracts appears to be
associated with improved motor recovery after stroke.
This study investigated changes in fractional anisotropy
(FA) in 6 recovering stroke patients and 7 controls in
relation to functional outcome. Between 3 and 15 weeks
post-stroke, FA in patients significantly decreased in
the ipsilesional thalamus, corticospinal tract, and
corpus callosum. Higher FA in the ipsilesional
corticospinal tract, internal capsule, and lower FA in
the ipsilesional thalamus and corpus callosum were
associated with a higher motor outcome score, providing
further evidence for the purported link between
microstructural remodelling and recovery.
|
|
|
Electronic
Poster Session - Neuro A |
|
White Matter Disorders: Multiple Sclerosis & Neuroinfections
Click on
to view
the abstract pdf and click on
to view the
video presentation. (Not all presentations are available.)
Monday 7 May 2012
Exhibition Hall |
16:30 - 17:30 |
|
|
|
Computer # |
|
3106. |
25 |
Comparative evaluation of
three different filters for phase unwrapping from SWAN
imaging in calcified neurocysticercosis
Sanjay Kumar Verma1, Ram Kishan Singh Rathore2,
Bhaswati Roy3, Ramesh Venkatesan4,
Vijay Nimbargi4, Vinay Kulkarni4,
Rishi Awasthi3, and Rakesh Kumar Gupta3
1Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Singapore
Bioimaging Consortium, Helios, Singapore, 2Mathematics
& Statistics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur,
India, 3Radiodiagnosis,
Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical
Sciences, Lucknow, India, 4Wipro-GE
Healthcare, Bangalore, India
Phase values of seventy four calcified cysts from
patients with a diagnosis of NCC were quantified using
Gaussian (22 × 22), Hanning (38 × 38) and Kaiser Bessel
(64 × 64) low pass filter. Phase and CT images were
registered using mutual information based registration
technique. Kruskal-Wallis test suggest that phase values
obtain from three filters are insignificantly different
from each other. However Kaiser filter showed best
correlation between positive phase and corresponding CT-HU
values & Gaussian filter showed best negative
correlation among all the filters used while comparing
negative phase and corresponding CT-HU. We conclude that
any of the filters can be used for phase quantification
from SWAN imaging.
|
3107. |
26 |
Sustained Virologic
Response Following Anti-HCV Pharmacotherapy is Associated
with Improved Neurostructural Integrity: A DTI Study
Manoj Kumar Sarma1, Rajakumar Nagarajan1,
April Thames2, Jason Smith3,
Lavezza Bhatti4, Steven Castellon2,3,
Charles H Hinkin2,3, and M. Albert Thomas1
1Radiological Sciences, UCLA School of
Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 2Psychiatry,
UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 3VA
Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Service, Los Angeles, CA,
United States, 4AIDS
Healthcare Foundation, Los Angeles, CA, United States
Neurological dysfunction has been observed in patients
with Hepatitis C virus (HCV) and growing body of
evidence is showing that HCV may adversely affect
cognition through direct central nervous system
involvement. The standard method for HCV treatment is a
combination of pegylated interferon (IFN) alfa and
ribavirin, which can lead to a sustained viral
suppression, notwithstanding adverse side effects. We
examined the two diffusion parameters derived from
diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), namely mean diffusivity
(MD) and fractional anisotropy (FA), across a group of
HCV patients before and after IFN therapy using an
automated atlas based analysis for regional parcellation.
Twelve HCV patients treated with IFN therapy for 36-60
weeks were examined before and after anti-HCV therapy.
Out of the 12 patients, 3 were non-responders to IFN
therapy and 2 were missing data regarding virologic
response. We have used the remaining 7 patients for our
diffusivity analysis. We found primarily decreased MD
and increased/decreased FA values in multiple brain
regions following anti-HCV therapy. Our results suggest
that HCV eradication has a beneficial effect on cerebral
integrity, and is an important factor when contemplating
anti-viral therapy in HCV.
|
3108. |
27 |
Voxel based morphometry
analysis of anti-retroviral effects in early HIV infection
Christina L Sammet1, Jordan S Muraskin2,
Riti Mahadevia1, Ying Wu3, Hongyan
Du3, Leon Epstein1, Babafemi Taiwo1,
and Ann B Ragin1
1Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United
States, 2Columbia
University, New York, NY, United States, 3Northshore
University Healthsystem, Evanston, IL, United States
Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has reduced AIDS-related
deaths worldwide; however, neurocognitive impairment is
evident in nearly 50% of patients receiving treatment.
The neuroprotective benefit of ART, therefore, is not
well characterized. In order to assess the effects of
treatment on the brain, this study used voxel based
morphometry (VBM) to compare gray matter volume in
treated and untreated HIV+ subjects and age matched
controls. Results of this study indicate that gray
matter reduction was more prominent in subjects who had
initiated treatment than in those who were treatment
naive.
|
3109. |
28 |
2D MRS combined with
ProFit algorithm is sensitive to HCV associated
cerebrometabolic abnormalities
Rajakumar Nagarajan1, Manoj K Sarma1,
April Thames2, Vanessa Steriff3,
Jonathan Truong4, Homayoon Khanlou5,
Steven Castellon2, Charles H Hinkin2,
and M.Albert Thomas1
1Radiological Sciences, University of
California Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, United
States, 2UCLA
Department of Psychiatry, 3West
Los Angeles VA,4Kaiser Permanente, 5AIDS
Healthcare Foundation
Hepatitis C (HCV) is a major cause of liver-related
morbidity and mortality. A high proportion of patients
never experience symptoms. Peginterferon and ribavirin
is the recommended treatment for hepatitis C. Magnetic
resonance spectroscopy (MRS) enables the noninvasive
measurement of biochemical information in vivo.
Two-dimensional (2D) localized correlated spectroscopy
(L-COSY) combined with prior knowledge fitting (ProFit)
enables unambiguous detection of metabolites and
quantitation of more than ten metabolites. Our
preliminary results show that significantly decreased
GABA and significantly increased inositol, total choline
and glutathione ratios in HCV patients compared to
healthy controls.
|
3110. |
29 |
Infection with HIV and HCV
is associated with neurometabolic compromise: A 3T magnetic
resonance spectroscopy study
Rajakumar Nagarajan1, April Thames2,
M.Albert Thomas1, Manoj K Sarma1,
Tim Arentsen3, Sapna Patel2, Elyse
Singer4, and Charles H Hinkin2
1Radiological Sciences, University of
California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 2UCLA
Department of Psychiatry, 3West
Los Angeles VA, 4UCLA
Department of Neurology
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) can damage not only the liver
but also the brain. HCV infection is more serious in
persons with co-infection human immunodeficiency virus
(HIV). Magnetic resonance spectroscopic Imaging (MRSI)
enables the noninvasive measurement of biochemical
information in vivo. We have evaluated the
two-dimensional (2D) MRSI using a 3T MRI/MRS scanner and
the LC model quantitation of metabolites. Our pilot
findings demonstrate significantly decreased
N-acetylaspartate (NAA) and increased choline in the HCV
patients and decreased glutamate-glutamine (Glx) in the
co-infected patients compared to healthy controls.
|
3111. |
30 |
Decreased Brain Oxygen
Metabolism in Multiple Sclerosis Measured with
T2-Relaxation-Under-Spin-Tagging (TRUST) MRI
Yulin Ge1, Yongxia Zhou1, Hanzhang
Lu2, Zhongwei Zhang1, Hina Jaggi1,
Joseph Herbert3, and Robert I Grossman1
1Department of Radiology / Center for
Biomedical Imaging, New York University School of
Medicine, New York, NY, United States, 2Advanced
Imaging Research Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center,
Dallas, TX, United States, 3Department
of Neurology, New York University School of Medicine,
New York, NY, United States
Using T2-relaxation-under-spin-tagging (TRUST) MRI, we
have investigated venous sinus blood oxygenation (Yv)
and cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2), an index
of global oxygen consumption, in patients with multiple
sclerosis (MS). We found significantly higher Yv
(p<0.0001) and lower CMRO2 (p=0.003) in MS patients
compared to age-matched normal controls, suggesting
considerably decreased oxygen metabolism in MS. There
was no statistical difference of global cerebral blood
flow between the two groups. Our results of significant
underutilization of oxygen in MS raise important
questions regarding mitochondrial respiratory
dysfunction and neurodegeneration of the disease.
|
3112. |
31 |
Segmentation of a Novel
Lesion Type from MTR Images For Multiple Sclerosis Clinical
Trials
Robert A Brown1, Sridar Narayanan1,
and Douglas L Arnold1
1Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill
University, Montreal, QC, Canada
Multiple sclerosis is characterized by white matter
lesions which are apparent on T2-weighted MRI. Lesions
that enhance on T1-weighted scans with gadolinium
contrast agent have also been used extensively as a
surrogate marker in trials of new treatments. However,
neither of these lesion types is specific to myelin
destruction or repair. We suggest a new type of lesion,
segmented from MTR images that are specific to myelin,
and demonstrate their utility for clinical trials in an
example study of remyelination in multiple sclerosis.
|
3113. |
32 |
T2*-weighted
MRI at 7T accurately predicts eventual diagnosis of MS in
cases with diagnostic uncertainty
Jennifer E Dixon1, Niraj Mistry2,
Emma C Tallantyre3, Christopher Tench2,
Rasha Abdel-Fahim2, Tim Jaspan4,
Paul S Morgan5, Peter G Morris1,
and Nikos Evangelou2
1Sir Peter Mansfield Magnetic Resonance
Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham,
Nottinghamshire, United Kingdom, 2Academic
Division of Clinical Neurology, University of
Nottingham, Nottingham, Nottinghamshire, United Kingdom, 3Department
of Neurology, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust,
Nottingham, Nottinghamshire, United Kingdom, 4Department
of Radiology, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust,
Nottingham, Nottinghamshire, United Kingdom, 5Department
of Medical Physics, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS
Trust, Nottingham, Nottinghamshire, United Kingdom
Hyperintensities on conventional MRI are not specific
for demyelination, often causing diagnostic delay and
sometimes misdiagnosis of patients with suspected
Multiple Sclerosis (MS). In-vivo T2*-weighted MRI at 7T
has been shown to depict central blood vessels within
lesions at a much higher rate in patients with
established MS compared with patients with
microangiopathic white-matter (WM) brain lesions. In
this work, we prospectively assess the predictive value
of T2*-weighted imaging at 7T for an eventual diagnosis
of MS in patients who were unable to be diagnosed by a
Neurologist and Neuroradiologist without further
paraclinical testing and clinical follow-up.
|
3114. |
33 |
Increase in the Iron
Content of the Substantia Nigra and Red Nucleus in Multiple
Sclerosis/Clinically Isolated Syndrome using 7T MRI
Anna I. Blazejewska1, Ali Al-Radaideh2,
Samuel Wharton2, Su Yin Lim3, Cris
S. Constantinescu3, Richard W. Bowtell2,
and Penny A. Gowland2
1Sir Peter Mansfield Magnetic Resonance
Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham,
Nottinghamshire, United Kingdom, 2Sir
Peter Mansfield Magnetic Resonance Centre, University of
Nottingham, 3Department
of Neurology, Clinical Sciences, University of
Nottingham
MR changes associated with increased iron content have
been consistently reported for most deep grey matter
structures in multiple sclerosis, but results for the
Substantia Nigra (SN) and Red Nucleus (RN) remain
inconsistent. We assessed iron content in the SN and RN
of patients with CIS and RRMS compared to healthy
controls using susceptibility mapping and T2*-weighted
(T2*w) signals measured at 7T. We found significant
increase in susceptibility in MS patients in RN and SN
(particularly in its dorsal part which is consistent
with patterns of iron deposition seen in other
neurodegenerative diseases). A non-significant decrease
in T2*w was found.
|
3115. |
34 |
Can T1-Differentiation in
a Magnetization Prepared Turbo Field Echo Sequence at 7T
Predict "Persistent Black Hole” White Matter Lesions in
Multiple Sclerosis?
Katharine Teal Bluestein1, David Pitt2,
Aaron Boster2, Andrew Kalnin1,
Michael Knopp1, and Petra Schmalbrock1
1Radiology, The Ohio State University,
Columbus, Ohio, United States, 2Neurology,
The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States
A new T1-weighted IR-TFE sequence is described which can
differentiate Multiple Sclerosis white matter lesions
into two sub-groups: lesions with short T1 (2200 ms) and
those with long T1 (4300 ms). The sequence is compared
to 7T white matter attenuation (WHAT), 7T T1w-MPRAGE,
and standard clinical 3T FLAIR. The long T1 white matter
lesions are assumed to reflect severe tissue damage,
potentially identifying persistent T1 "black holes"
without the need for follow-up scans.
|
3116. |
35 |
Detection of the Grey
Matter Lesions in MTR and MPRAGE in 7T
Anna I. Blazejewska1, Olivier Mougin2,
Rasha Abdel-Fahim3, Niraj Mistry3,
Richard W. Bowtell2, Nikos Evangelou3,
and Penny A. Gowland2
1Sir Peter Mansfield Magnetic Resonance
Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham,
Nottinghamshire, United Kingdom, 2Sir
Peter Mansfield Magnetic Resonance Centre, University of
Nottingham, 3Neurology,
Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust
Cortical lesions in multiple sclerosis are difficult to
detect. This study compares lesions detection on high
resolution MTR maps and MPRAGE images acquired at 7T.
MTR was most sensitive to cortical lesions and MPRAGE
was more sensitive to mixed lesions (lying on the
grey/white matter boundary).
|
3117. |
36 |
Comparison of MS lesions
seen with 7T iron sensitive phase and 3T post Gadolinium T1
imaging
Petra Schmalbrock1, David Pitt2,
Katharine Teal Bluestein1, Eashwar Swamy2,
Grant Yang1, and Michael Knopp1
1Radiology, The Ohio State University,
Columbus, Ohio, United States, 2Neurology,
The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States
Currently, gadolinium (Gd) enhanced T1-weighted imaging
is used to asses inflammation and lesion activity. Gd-enhanced
imaging is, however, dependent on the integrity of the
local blood-brain barrier and could potentially miss
some inflammatory activity in Multiple Sclerosis
patients. In this study, 7T phase images are calculated
from iron-sensitive susceptibility weighted images and
compared to standard clinical 3T FLAIR and Gd-enhanced
T1w-SE. Gd-enhancing lesions were only seen in
relapsing-remitting patients and none of them were
visible on the phase images. Iron-sensitive imaging
provides complimentary information to Gd-enhancement and
suggests different mechanisms of lesion formation.
|
3118. |
37 |
Multi-Component Relaxation
In Untreated Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis
Hagen H Kitzler1, Jason Su2, Frank
Noack1, Christine Schmidt1, Tjalf
Ziemssen3, Sean C Deoni4, and
Brian K Rutt2
1Department of Neuroradiology, Technische
Universitaet Dresden, Dresden, SN, Germany, 2Department
of Radiology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, United
States, 3Department
of Neurology, Technische Universitaet Dresden, Dresden,
SN, Germany, 4Department
of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, RI, United
States
Multi-component Driven Equilibrium Single Pulse
Observation of T1 and T2 (mcDESPOT) allows quantifying
myelination by means of myelin water fraction (MWF)
measure. This technique was applied in a clinical trial
in a cohort of untreated relapsing-remitting multiple
sclerosis (RRMS) patients. Histogram and voxel-based
analysis (VBA) results of preliminary baseline data is
presented. The RRMS cohort was compared to a group of
age-matched healthy controls. RRMS subjects differed
significantly from controls in mean MWF and its
distribution characteristics. We found most significant
differences between the two cohorts in the whole brain
Deficient MWF Volume (DV) a VBA measure recently
introduced.
|
3119. |
38 |
Quantitative magnetic
susceptibility improves the detection of multiple sclerosis
lesions
Chunlei Liu1,2, and Wei Li1
1Brain Imaging and Analysis Center, Duke
University, Durham, NC, United States, 2Department
of Radiology, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
Current MRI protocols show only part of MS pathology,
failing to reveal important changes occurring at the
microscopic level. In addition, distinguishing MRI
lesions due to overlapping pathology remains difficult
and clinically problematic. This study investigated the
utility of quantitative magnetic susceptibility as a
means to quantify MS plaques. A group of MS patients and
asymptomatic subjects with hyper-intense FLAIR images
were scanned. The results indicated that quantitative
magnetic susceptibility mapping may potentially improve
the sensitivity and specificity for the detection of MS
plaques.
|
3120. |
39 |
Susceptibility Weighted
Images Identifies Pallido-Reticular Lesions in Carbon
monoxide intoxication Patients, which is associated with
poor Parkinsonian Features
YauYau Wai1,2, Chiung-Chih Chang3,
Wen-Neng Chang3, Chun-Chung Lui3,
and Jiun-Jie Wang4,5
1Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences,
ChangGung University, TaoYuan, Taiwan, Taiwan, 2Medical
Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital,
TaoYuan, Taiwan, Taiwan, 3Kaohsiung
Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 4ChangGung
University, 5molecular
imaging center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital
Susceptibility Weighted Imaging was acquired from 25
patients after carbon monoxide intoxication to
investigate the extent of vascular damage, as associated
with clinical outcome. Low-intensity pallidoreticular
lesions could be detected in the minimal intensity
projection where conventional T1 and T2 images appear
normal. Patients with detected lesions showed increased
parkinsonian features and poorer performances on the
neuropsychiatric tests compared to those without, which
could be associated with extensive grey and white matter
damage in addition to the damage to the nigra-striatal
neuronal networks. The sensitivity for detecting
pallidoreticular lesions can be greatly improved by
susceptibility-weighted imaging.
|
3121. |
40 |
Gray Matter Damage
Predicts the Accumulation of Disability and Cognitive
Impairment 13 Years Later in Patients With Multiple
Sclerosis
Maria A. Rocca1, Paolo Preziosa1,
Massimiliano Copetti2, Gianna Riccitelli1,
Roberta Messina1, Giancarlo Comi3,
and Massimo Filippi1
1Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of
Experimental Neurology, San Raffaele Scientific
Institute and Vita-Salute San Raffaele University,
Milan, Italy, Italy, 2Biostatistics
Unit, IRCCS-Ospedale Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San
Giovanni Rotondo, Italy, 3Department
of Neurology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute and
Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy, Italy
We assessed the value of conventional and magnetization
transfer (MT) MRI quantities of normal-appearing white
matter (NAWM) and gray matter (GM) damage and their
12-month changes in predicting the accumulation of
disability and cognitive impairment after 13 years in 73
multiple sclerosis (MS). At 13-year follow-up, 63%
patients showed a significant disability worsening and
30% were cognitively impaired. MTR and atrophy measures
of GM damage at baseline were the only predictors of
disability worsening and cognitive impairment at 13
years.
|
3122. |
41 |
Two-year Serial
Whole-Brain N-Acetylaspartate in Relapsing Remitting
Multiple Sclerosis Patients
Daniel Rigotti1, Matilde Inglese1,
Ivan Kirov1, Nissa Perry1, Joseph
Herbert2, Robert I Grossman1, and
Oded Gonen1
1Radiology, New York University School of
Medicine, New York, NY, United States, 2Neurology,
New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY,
United States
We test the hypotheses that: relapsing-remitting (RR) MS
patients exhibit quantifiable whole-brain N-acetylaspartate
(WBNAA) decline, that is more sensitive than clinical
changes; and may provide a practical outcomes for
‘proof-of-concept’ trials. WBNAA was collected from 19
RR MS patients 33±5 years-old of 47±28 months disease
duration. Patients’ baseline WBNAA, 10.5±1.7mM, was
significantly lower than controls’ 12.3±1.3mM-(p‹0.002)
and declined significantly (5%/year- p‹0.002) while
controls did not (0.4%/year-p›0.7). Similarly, patients’
brain volume declined significantly (0.5%/year-
p‹0.0001, controls:0.2%/year-p=0.08) with no significant
EDSS changes. These results indicate that WBNAA is a
longitudinally sensitive marker for neurodegeneration
and may be suitable for larger multi-center trials.
|
3123. |
42 |
Detecting Cortical Lesions
in MS Tissue with Gradient Echo Plural Contrast Imaging
Jie Luo1, Anne H Cross2, Robert
Schmidt3, Alexander L Sukstanskii4,
and Dmitriy A Yablonskiy4
1Chemistry, Washington University, St.Louis,
MO, United States, 2Neurology,
Washington University in St. Louis, 3Pathology,
Washington University in St. Louis, 4Radiology,
Washington University in St. Louis
Although most imaging research in Multiple Sclerosis has
focused on the white matter, pathology is also found in
gray matter, including cerebral cortex. Conventional MRI
techniques that are routinely used to detect MS lesions
are T1 and T2 weighted spin-echo images and FLAIR, which
detect white matter lesions well, but miss most cortical
lesions. Herein, we show that the gradient echo plural
contrast imaging technique (GEPCI), that already proved
useful in quantifying tissue damage in WM lesions in MS,
can also detect cortical lesions. Data are obtained
using ex
vivo MS
brain tissue.
|
3124. |
43 |
Functional Connectivity
Abnormalities and Cognitive Impairment in Relapse-Onset Ms
Patients: A Whole-Brain Functional Network Connectivity
Analysis
Maria A. Rocca1, Paola Valsasina2,
Paolo Preziosa2, Gianna Riccitelli2,
Vittorio Martinelli3, Andrea Falini4,
Giancarlo Comi3, and Massimo Filippi2
1Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of
Experimental Neurology, San Raffaele Scientific
Institute and Vita-Salute San Raffaele University,
Milan, Italy, Italy, 2Neuroimaging
Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, San
Raffaele Scientific Institute and Vita-Salute San
Raffaele University, Milan, Italy, 3Department
of Neurology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute and
Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy, 4Department
of Neuroradiology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute and
Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
In this study, we assessed functional connectivity (FC)
at resting state (RS) within and among cognitive
networks in 30 healthy controls, 30 patients with
relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (MS) and 30
patients with secondary progressive MS. Decreased FC was
present in frontal, temporal, parahippocampal and
cerebellar regions of all cognitive RS networks, whereas
increased FC was found only in the anterior cingulate
cortex of the executive control network. Such
abnormalities were detected in both patient groups, and
they were more evident in the progressive form of the
disease, as well as in patients with cognitive
impairment.
|
3125. |
44 |
Clinical Impairment in
Multiple Sclerosis Is Related to the Damage of Clinically
Eloquent White Matter Tracts
Paolo Preziosa1, Maria A. Rocca1,
Sarlota Mesaros2, Elisabetta Pagani1,
Tatjana Stosic-Opincal3, Domenico Caputo4,
Jelena Drulovic2, Giancarlo Comi5,
and Massimo Filippi1
1Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of
Experimental Neurology, San Raffaele Scientific
Institute and Vita-Salute San Raffaele University,
Milan, Italy, Italy, 2Clinic
of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of
Belgrade, Belgrade, Yugoslavia, 3Clinic
of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of
Belgrade, Belgrade, Yugoslavia, 4Department
of Neurology, IRCCS Fondazione Don Gnocchi, Milan,
Italy, 5Department
of Neurology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute and
Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy, Italy
We investigated whether voxel-wise analyses to metrics
from diffusion tensor (DT) MRI tractography and T2
lesions of the corticospinal tract (CST) and sensitive
thalamocortical projections (sTCP) contribute to explain
global clinical disability and impairment in specific
functional systems in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients.
Compared to healthy controls, MS patients showed
widespread diffusivity abnormalities along the tracts
investigated. Compared to unimpaired patients, impaired
patients had higher diffusivity abnormalities and higher
probability of having T2 lesions in the CTSs and sTCPs,
thus suggesting that clinical impairment in MS is
associated with both focal damage and diffuse normal
appearing white matter tract injury.
|
3126. |
45 |
ANATOMICAL BRAIN
CONNECTIVITY TO ASSESS COGNITIVE DYSFUNCTION IN MS
Barbara Spano'1, Mara Cercignani1,2,
Geoff J.M. Parker3,4, Maura Castelli5,
Barbara Basile1, Silvia Rossi5,
Laura Serra1, Giuseppe Magnani6,
Ugo Nocentini7, Carlo Caltagirone5,7,
Diego Centonze5, and Marco Bozzali1
1Neuorimaging Laboratory, Santa Lucia
Foundation, Rome, Italy, 2Brighton&
Sussex Medical School, Clinical Imaging Sciences Centre,
University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom, 3Imaging
Science & Biomedical Engineering, University of
Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom, 4Biomedical
Imaging Institute, University of Manchester, United
Kingdom, 5Dept
of Neuroscience, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome,
Italy, 6Department
of Neurology, IRCCS University Hospital, San Raffaele,
Milan, Italy, 7Department
of Clinical and Behavioural Neurology, Santa Lucia
Foundation, Rome, Italy
Anatomical disconnection of important processing regions
by damage to the interconnecting white matter (WM),
provides a potential mechanism for the accrual of
disability in multiple sclerosis (MS). So far,
structural disconnection in MS brains, has been
estimated by local indexes of macro- and microscopic WM
integrity. Here, we applied for the first time to a
group of MS patients, a recently developed method based
on diffusion-MRI and tractography, namely anatomical
connectivity mapping (ACM). ACM revealed, in MS
patients, patterns of anatomical disconnection
accounting for both, deficits in the higher level
control of motor abilities, and cognitive dysfunctions
|
3127. |
46 |
Presentations of Multiple
Sclerosis lesions on quantitative susceptibility mapping
(QSM)
Weiwei Chen1, Tian Liu2, Joseph
Comunale3, Susan Gauthier3, Linda
Heier3, Apostolos Tsiouris3, Tim
Vartarian3, and Yi Wang3,4
1Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College,
Huazhong University of Science& Technology (HUST),
Wuhan, Hubei, United States, 2MedImageMetric
LLC, New York, NY, United States, 3Weill
Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, United States, 4Biomedical
Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United
States
19 consecutive MS patients were imaged on a 3T MRI
system using T2FLAIR, gradient echo (GRE) and CET1W
sequences. QSM was reconstructed from GRE data. A total
of 203 lesions were identified on T2FLAIR, and their
presentations on QSM were characterized according to
their signal value and geometry. Frequently observed MS
lesion presentations on QSM include 1) positive with
associated veins only (35.5%), 2) not present (25.6%),
3) positive without associated veins or surrounding
positive ring (20.7%), and 4) positive with both
associated veins and a surrounding positive ring (8.4%).
|
3128. |
47 |
Can 7T White Matter
Attenuated Turbo Field Echo Replace FLAIR for White Matter
Lesion Load Assessment in MS?
Andrew J Kalnin1, Katharrine Bluestein1,
David Pitt2, Grant K Yang1,
Michael V Knopp1, and Petra Schmalbrock1
1Radiology, The Ohio State University,
Columbus, Ohio, United States, 2Neurology,
The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States
In the assessment of Multiple Sclerosis, T2- FLAIR is
typically used to assess total lesion load. White Matter
Attenuated Turbo Field Echo (WHAT) at 7T has high
contrast between lesions and normal appearing white
matter, is fast and has low SAR, but the contrast is
dependent only on T1, not T2. This study compares MS WM
lesion detection with 7T WHAT and 3T T2-FLAIR. WHAT can
detect a large fraction of all WM lesions. Lesions are
more conspicuous on FLAIR, but WHAT better
differentiates abnormal T1 lesions.
|
3129. |
48 |
Deficits in Memory and
Spatial Cognition Correlate With Regional Hippocampal
Atrophy in Multiple Sclerosis
Elisabetta Pagani1, Maria A. Rocca1,
Giulia Longoni1, Gianna Riccitelli1,
Bruno Colombo2, Mariaemma Rodegher2,
Andrea Falini3, Giancarlo Comi2,
and Massimo Filippi1
1Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of
Experimental Neurology, San Raffaele Scientific
Institute and Vita-Salute San Raffaele University,
Milan, Italy, Italy, 2Department
of Neurology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute and
Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy,
Italy, 3Department
of Neuroradiology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute and
Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy, Italy
Hippocampal manual segmentation and radial assessment of
atrophy distribution were applied in a large group of
multiple sclerosis (MS) patients imaged at 3.0 Tesla.
Radial atrophy was detected in the lateral portion of
the body and tail (CA1 subfield) and in the subiculum,
bilaterally. Significant correlations were found between
left CA1 atrophy and verbal learning performance, as
well as with performance in spatial cognition tasks.
Moreover, right CA1 atrophy correlated with visuo-spatial
memory performance. The use of a regional approach
allowed to detect a regional pattern of hippocampal
damage which may contribute to explain MS-related
neuropsychological impairment.
|
|
|
Electronic
Poster Session - Neuro A |
|
Click on
to view
the abstract pdf and click on
to view the
video presentation. (Not all presentations are available.)
Monday 7 May 2012
Exhibition Hall |
17:30 - 18:30 |
|
|
|
Computer # |
|
3130.
|
25 |
Magnetic Field Correlation
Imaging of Brain Iron in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity
Disorder
Vitria Adisetiyo1,2, Rachael L. Deardorff3,
Ali Tabesh3, Els Fieremans2,
Amanda Allen3, Rebecca Grzadzinski4,
Adriana Di Martino4, Francisco X. Castellanos4,
Jens H. Jensen3, and Joseph A. Helpern3
1Neuroscience & Physiology, NYU School of
Medicine, New York, NY, United States, 2Radiology,
NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States,3Radiology,
Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC,
United States, 4NYU
Child Study Center, NYU School of Medicine, New York,
NY, United States
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) has been
associated with lower serum iron levels that correlate
to symptom severity but there is only one study that has
looked into brain iron in ADHD. We have applied a novel
imaging method called Magnetic Field Correlation Imaging
(MFC) to investigate brain iron in ADHD compared to
typically developing controls (TDC). Conventional
measures of R2 and R2* as well as serum iron measures
were also acquired. Although there were no differences
detected in serum iron measures, significantly lower
brain iron was found in the globus pallidus and caudate
nucleus in the ADHD group. Only MFC measures were able
to detect this group difference.
|
3131. |
26 |
Resting state network
changes in pediatric OCD
An Vo1, Patricia Gruner1,2,
Toshikazu Ikuta1,2, Miklos Argyelan2,
Bart Peters1,2, Anil K. Malhotra1,2,
Peter B. Kingsley3, Aziz M. Ulug1,
and Philip Szeszko1,2
1Feinstein Institute for Medical Research,
Manhasset, New York, United States, 2Psychiatry,
The Zucker Hillside Hospital, Glen Oaks, New York,
United States, 3Radiology,
North Shore University Hospital, Manhasset, New York,
United States
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is an anxiety
disorder characterized by distressing, irrational
thoughts and repetitive behaviors. Although pediatric
OCD is similar to OCD in adults, the content of
obsessions and compulsions can be influenced by
developmental factors such as age, gender, and genetics.
Ritualistic washing, repetitive checking, ordering,
counting and hoarding are common compulsions in children
and adolescents. Neuro-imaging studies have contributed
to our understanding of the neurobiological basis of
pediatric OCD. The purpose of this study was to use
resting state fMRI to explore disease affected brain
networks in pediatric OCD patients compared to healthy
volunteers.
|
3132. |
27 |
Biophysical Abnormalities
in Normal-Appearing White Matter and Subcortical Nuclei in
Late-Life Major Depression: A Magnetization Transfer Imaging
Study
Shaolin Yang1,2, Olusola Ajilore1,
Minjie Wu1, Melissa Lamar1, and
Anand Kumar1
1Department of Psychiatry, University of
Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States, 2Department
of Radiology, University of Illinois at Chicago,
Chicago, IL, United States
Neuroanatomical abnormalities have been identified in
patients with late-life mood disorders, including
decrease in focal brain volumes and increase in white
matter hyperintensity lesions. This study examined the
integrity of macromolecular protein pool in
normal-appearing white matter and subcortical nuclei by
magnetization transfer imaging. Compared with control
subjects, patients with late-life major depression had
significantly lower magnetization transfer ratios in the
genu of corpus callosum and the right head of caudate.
These findings suggest late-life major depression is
associated with compromised macromolecular proteins in
white matter and subcortical nuclei and may have
implications for the pathophysiology of late-life major
depression.
|
3133. |
28 |
Toward an Integrated
Structural-Functional Characterization of the Posterior
Superior Temporal Sulcus Abnormalities in Autism Spectrum
Disorders
Mariana Lazar1, Laura Miles1, and
Jeffrey Donaldson1
1Department of Radiology, New York University
School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States
We present a multimodal imaging approach for
characterizing the macrostructure, microstructure, and
anatomical and functional connectivity of the Posterior
Superior Temporal Sulcus (PSTS) in Autism Spectrum
Disorders (ASD). Anatomical, Resting-State Functional
MRI, and Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging data were acquired
in young adults with ASD and comparison typically
developing subjects. We report for the first time
decreased PSTS microstructural organization in ASD. This
decreased microstructural organization correlates
negatively with increased cortical thickness. Decreased
anatomical and functional connectivity of the PSTS with
the prefrontal cortex is also observed in the same ASD
population.
|
3134. |
29 |
Resting-state Functional
Connectivity Changes Induced by Sleep Deprivation
Iris Y. Zhou1,2, Russell W. Chan1,2,
Abby Y. Ding1,2, Frank Y. Lee1,2,
and Ed X. Wu1,2
1Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Signal
Processing, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR,
China, 2Department
of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University
of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
Sleep deprivation (SD) is known to diminish alertness
and impair cognitive performance in humans. The
intrinsic connectivity during resting-state may also be
modified by SD. In this study, we used rsfMRI to examine
the changes in functional connectivity induced by rapid
eye movement SD in rat brains. After SD,
interhemispheric correlations in hippocampus prominently
diminished, indicating possible neuronal loss or/and
neuronal dysfunction. Reduced intercortical connection
in visual cortex was also observed, consistent with
earlier studies showing decreased neuronal activity in
this region after SD.
|
3135. |
30 |
Reduced Sensorimotor GABA
in Attention-deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Richard AE Edden1,2, Deana Crocetti3,
He Zhu1,2, Donald Gilbert4, and
Stewart H Mostofsky3,5
1Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology
and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University,
Baltimore, MD, United States, 2FM
Kirby Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy
Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States, 3Laboratory
for Neurocognitive and Imaging Research, Kennedy Krieger
Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States, 4Cincinnati
Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH,
United States, 5Laboratory
for Neurocognitive and Imaging Research, The Johns
Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder is a
developmental disorder characterized by a deficit in
behavioral inhibition. Although most commonly associated
with dopaminergic and noradrenergic abnormalities, it
has recently been suggested that there is also a
GABAergic component. In this study, we test this
hypothesis using J-difference edited magnetic resonance
spectroscopy at 3T to measure GABA concentration in a
primary sensorimotor region. Our major finding is that
GABA concentration is reduced in children with
attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder compared to
typically developing controls.
|
3136. |
31 |
Brain Tissue and
Microstructure Alternations in Children with
Trichotillomania
Geon-Ho Jahng1, Jee A Lee2, Min-Ji
Kim1, Hyug-Gi Kim1, So-Youn Shin1,
Geon-Ho Bahn2, Sun Mi Kim1,
Chang-Woo Ryu1, Dal-Mo Yang1, Dong
Wook Sung3, and Woo-Suk Choi3
1Radiology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at
Gangdong, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Seoul, Korea, 2Psychiatry,
Kyung Hee University Hospital, Kyung Hee University,
Korea, 3Radiology,
Kyung Hee University Hospital, Kyung Hee University,
Seoul, Seoul, Korea
Trichotillomania (TTM) is a poorly understood disorder
that is characterized by repetitive hair pulling. Very
few neuroimaging studies have been conducted on patients
with TTM. No study has investigated neural correlates,
such as grey matter and diffusion alterations, in
patients with TTM. The objective of this study,
therefore, was to investigate specific brain tissue loss
with structural MRI and microstructural changes with
diffusion tensor MRI in children and adolescents with
TTM. Pediatric subjects who met criteria for TTM (n = 9)
and age-, sex-, handedness-, and intelligence
quotient-matched healthy controls (HC) (n = 10) were
recruited.
|
3137. |
32 |
fMRI correlates of
abmnormal ‘guilt processing’ in patients with obsessive
compulsive disorder
Barbara Basile1,2, Francesco Mancini2,
Emiliano Macaluso3, Carlo Caltagirone4,
and Marco Bozzali1
1Neuroimaging Laboratory, Santa Lucia
Foundation, Rome, Italy, Italy, 2School
of Cognitive Psychotherapy, Rome, Italy, 3Neuroimaging
Laboratory, Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy, 4Clinical
and Behavioral Neurology, Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome,
Italy, Italy
Guilt plays a role in the occurrence and maintenance of
obsessive compulsive disorder (ODC). In this fMRI study
we investigated, for the first time, the processing of
deontological and altruistic guilt in a sample of OCD
patients compared to healthy controls. Main finding was
a pattern of reduced activation in frontal/insular areas
(previously shown to be implicated in the normal
processing of guilt) of OCD patients while experiencing
guilty feelings, especially of deontological type. A
reduced inhibitory control of higher level structures in
OCD brains might account for a abnormal emotion
processing, and explain some clinical features of the
disease.
|
3138. |
33 |
Functional Connectivity
Reveals Abnormal Affective, Executive and Sensorimotor
Resting State Networks in Psychotropic Naïve Patients with
Pediatric Mania
Minjie Wu1, Lisa H Lu1,2,
Alessandra M Passarotti1, Ezra Wegbreit1,
Jacklynn Fitzgerald1, and Mani N Pavuluri1
1Psychiatry, University of Illinois at
Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States, 2Psychiatry,
Roosevelt University, Chicago, IL, United States
An understanding of the neural operations impacted by
pediatric bipolar disorder (PBD) is essential for the
discovery of optimal treatment targets for this serious
illness. The present study evaluates the resting state
functional connectivity underlying structural and
functional abnormalities reported in PBD using
model-free independent component analysis approach.
Three distinct resting state networks, comprising
regions involved in affective, executive, or
sensorimotor functions, exhibited significant
differences in regional connectivity between PBD and
healthy control (HC) groups.
|
3139. |
34 |
DTI abnormalities in
pediatric obsessive compulsive disorder
An Vo1, Patricia Gruner1,2,
Toshikazu Ikuta1,2, Bart Peters1,2,
Anil K. Malhotra1,2, Peter B. Kingsley3,
Aziz M. Ulug1, and Philip Szeszko1,2
1Feinstein Institute for Medical Research,
Manhasset, New York, United States, 2Psychiatry,
The Zucker Hillside Hospital, Glen Oaks, New York,
United States, 3Radiology,
North Shore University Hospital, Manhasset, New York,
United States
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a disorder of the
brain and behavior that is characterized by recurrent
worries and repetitive behaviors. Pediatric OCD is
similar to OCD in adults. However the content of
obsessions and compulsions can be influenced by
developmental factors such as age, gender, genetics.
Neuro-imaging studies have contributed to our
understanding of the neurobiological basis of pediatric
OCD. The purpose of this study was to use diffusion
tensor image (DTI) derived metrics to explore disease
affected circuits in pediatric OCD patients compared to
healthy volunteers.
|
3140. |
35 |
Using Probabilistic
Tractography to Assess Optimal Targeting for Subcallosal
Cingulate Deep Brain Stimulation: An Informative Case
Ki Sueng Choi1,2, Paul E. Holtzheimer3,
Alexandre R. Franco2, Patricio Riva Posse2,
Xiaoping P. Hu1, and Helen S. Mayberg2
1Bioengineering(BME), Georgia Institute of
Technology / Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United
States, 2Department
of Psychiatry, Emory University School of Medicine,
Atlanta, GA, United States, 3Psychiatry
and Surgery, Dartmouth Medical School, Lebanon, NH,
United States
Structural connectivity analyses may help improve DBS
targeting by highlighting which WM tracts are necessary
and sufficient for effective stimulation. We present
data on a treatment resistant depression who showed a
poor clinical response but who subsequently remitted
following a second surgery performed to revise the
placement of the DBS within the predefined subcallosal
cingulate and differences in the WM projections from the
active contacts. These results suggest that precise
targeting of specific structural connections between the
primary SCC electrode and parts of the medial frontal
cortex may be essential for optimal clinical
effectiveness of chronic SCC DBS.
|
3141. |
36 |
Inferior frontal gray
matter is increased in healthy individuals with high risk
averse behaviour.
Satomi Higuchi1, Keigo Inukai2,
Hackjin Kim3, Tetsuya Matsuda4,
Masamichi Sakagami5, and Tatsuya Kameda6
1Center for Experimental Research in Social
Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan, 2Graduate
School of Economics and Business Administration,
Hokkaido University, Japan, 3Department
of Brain and Cognitive Engineering, Korea University, 4Tamagawa
University, Japan, 5Tamagawa
University, 6Hokkaido
University, Japan
A gambling task used for risk measurement, known as mean
variance utility mode (MVUM), was used to estimate
individuals risk attitude. In clinical studies, the
`Iowa gambling task` is a test for measuring risk
attitude in relation to addiction. However, this model
differs in that outcome feedback is also measured, and
therefore not purely representative of decision making.
In this work we measured individual responses to MVUM,
obtained T1 weighted MRI and applied VBM analysis,
investigating gray matter volumes (GMV) of healthy
volunteers and their behavioural risk attitude. GMV and
risk aversion were positively correlated in left
inferior frontal gyrus.
|
3142. |
37 |
Long term effects of
developmental exposure to LP211, a new serotonin 7 receptor
(5-HT7) agonist
Rossella Canese1, Paola Porcari1,
Luisa Altabella1, Francesca Zoratto1,
Francesco de Pasquale2, Giovanni Laviola1,
and Walter Adriani1
1Cell Biology and Neurosciences, Istituto
Superiore di Sanita', Rome, Italy, 2Institute
for Advanced Biomedical Technologies, G. D’Annunzio
University, Chieti, Italy
LP211 is an agonist of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine,
5-HT) receptor 7 (5-HT7). It is proposed for a role in
neurogenesis and in patho-physiological processes like
anxiety / depression, cognitive / sleep disturbances,
and impaired coping with stress. Here, we investigated
the long-term consequences of developmental exposure to
LP211 on brain metabolism (by in vivo 1H MRS), anatomy
(by DTI) and functionality (by functional connectivity).
We detect enduring metabolic, anatomic and functional
modifications which may perhaps indicate rearrangement
in forebrain networks.
|
3143. |
38 |
Combining Anatomical and
Functional MRI in Diagnosis of Drug-naive First Episode
Schizophrenia
Wenting Ren1, Peilin Lv2, Wei Deng3,
Qizhu Wu1, Xiaoqi Huang1, Tao Li3,
Qiyong Gong1, and Su Lui1
1Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department
of Radiology,West China Hospital of Sichuan Universit,
Chengdu, Sichuan, China, 2Department
of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan
University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China, 3Department
of Psychiatry, West China Hospital of Sichuan
University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
A support vector machine classification approach
combining gray matter volume and amplitude of
low-frequency fluctuations information was utilized to
distinguish schizophrenia patients from health controls.
One hundred drug-naive first episode schizophrenia
patients and 100 controls were scanned using a
high-resolution 3D T1-weighted sequence and EPI sequence
on a 3T MR imaging system. The classification yielded an
accuracy of 83.5%. For the first time, we provides the
evidence for evaluating the MR diagnostic value in a
large sample of antipsychotic-naive first-episode
schizophrenia, supporting the anatomical and functional
deficits could be used as a biomarker for the diagnosis
of schizophrenia.
|
3144. |
39 |
Altered Hippocampal
Connectivity Network Associated with Impulsivity in
Abstinent Heroin Addicts
Tianye Zhai1,2, Chunming Xie1,2,
Wenjun Li2, Zheng Yang1, and
Shi-Jiang Li2
1Center of Brain and Cognition, Beijing
Institute of Basic Medical Science, Beijing, China, 2Biophysics,
Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin,
United States
Neurobiological and neuroimaging studies have
demonstrated that the hippocampus, as a major node of
memory processing, is involved in drug addiction.
However, little is known about the role of hippocampal
network and its relation to drug-seeking behaviors such
as impulsivity in addiction. In this study, we utilized
resting-state functional connectivity fMRI (R-fMRI) to
investigate the alteration of hippocampus functional
connectivity (HFC) network and its relation to
impulsivity in abstinent heroin dependent subjects (HD)
and control non-drug users (CN).
|
3145. |
40 |
Alteration in medial
prefrontal cortex in relation with symptom severity in
autism spectrum disorder as revealed by resting state fMRI
Li-Ting Liu1, Kayako Mastuo2,
Yung-Chin Hsu3, Shur-Fen Susan Gau1,4,
Ay-Woan Pan1,4, and Wen-Yih Isaac Tseng5,6
1Department of Occupational Therapy, National
Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, 2College
of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan,3Department
of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences,
National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan, 4Department
of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital,
Taipei, Taiwan, 5Institute
of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University,
Taipei, Taiwan, 6Center
for Optoelectronic Biomedicine, National Taiwan
University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
We investigated the default mode network (DMN) in
relation with social impairment in adolescents with
autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and typically developing
(TD) counterparts (N=16, each). Social responsiveness
scale (SRS) was used as a clinical behavioral index.
Coherent activation in the medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC)
with the posterior cingulated cortex (PCC) was estimated
using resting state fMRI. The DMN was clearly defined in
both groups, but the MPFC co-activation with bilateral
PCC was only found in TD. The negative correlation in
SRS scores with the co-activation in the MPFC might
possibly represent the severity of the autistic trait in
adolescents.
|
3146. |
41 |
Reduction in cerebellar
grey matter in schizophrenia detected using the Spatially
Unbiased Infratentorial (SUIT) toolbox
Florian Schubert1, Simone Kühn2,
Alexander Romanowski3, and Jürgen Gallinat4
1Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt,
Berlin, Germany, 2Psychology
and Educational Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent,
Belgium, 3Psychiatry
and Psychotherapy, Charité University Medicine, Germany, 4Psychiatry
and Psychotherapy, Charité University Medicine
Structural deficiencies in cerebellum have been
associated with schizophrenia, including the
schizophrenic signs of thought disorders. Since
conventional whole brain voxel-based morphometry shows
contradictory results for cerebellum of schizophrenics
we used a cerebellum-optimized VBM procedure: the
Spatially Unbiased Infratentorial toolbox, to study 29
patients and 45 controls. Patients showed reductions of
GM volume in the left cerebellum Crus I/II that
correlated negatively with thought disorder and
positively with performance in Trail-Making Test. The
failure of conventional VBM to detect such effects
suggests that previous studies might have underestimated
the importance of cerebellar structural deficits in
schizophrenia.
|
3147. |
42 |
White matter disruption of
healthy maltreated adolescents
Hao Huang1,2, Tejasvi Gundapuneedi1,
and Uma Rao3
1Advanced Imaging Research Center, University
of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas,
United States, 2Department
of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical
Center, Dallas, Texas, United States, 3Psychiatry
and Behavior Sciences, Meharry Medical College,
Nashville, Tennessee, United States
Childhood maltreatment (MALTX), including emotional
abuse, physical abuse, sexual abuse and neglect, is
widespread in US. MALTX has been known to produce
long-lasting impairments in behavioral, cognitive and
social functioning, but their underlying mechanisms are
not well-understood. The developing brain is highly
sensitive to the effects of early-life stress. In this
study, 19 MALTX adolescents and 13 age-matched controls
were recruited and underwent DTI scanning. The goal of
this study is to find out if white matter disruption
precedes the onsets of clinical symptoms and may serve
as potential biomarker of pscychiatric disorders such as
depression and substance abuse.
|
3148. |
43 |
Comparison of volumes of
cerebellar lobules on structural MRI using manual and
automatic segmentation in normal and alcohol-exposed
children
Priya Lakshmi Narayanan1,2, Christopher
Warton1, Sandra W Jacobson3,4,
Joseph L Jacobson3,4, Christopher D Molteno4,
and Ernesta M Meintjes1,2
1Human Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape
Town, South Africa, 2MRC/UCT
Medical Imaging Research Unit, Cape Town, South Africa, 3Department
of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State
University School of Medicine, 4Department
of Psychiatry, University of Cape Town
Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) is caused by chronic
maternal alcohol consumption during pregnancy. It is a
significant worldwide health problem and a particularly
critical public health issue in South Africa. The
highest prevalence of FAS was reported in the
wine-growing regions of South Africa. A total of 23
right-handed children aged 11.8±1.2 years old were
scanned for structural analysis of the cerebellum.
Cerebellar lobules were manually traced and volumes were
estimated manually and compared with automated IBASPM
methods. Both the methods showed the difference in
volume between control and FAS but the significant
difference was not observed in automated method.
|
3149. |
44 |
7T MRS of brain GABA Pre
and Post Gabapentin Administration in Health Males
Kejia Cai1, Ravi Prakash Reddy Nanga1,
Lisa Lamprou2, Claudia Schinstine2,
Jacqueline Meeks3, Mark Elliott1,
Hari Hariharan1, Ravinder Reddy1,
and Neill Epperson2
1CMROI, Department of Radiology, University
of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 2Departments
of Psychiatry & Obstetrics/Gynecology, University of
Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 3Department
of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia,
PA, United States
Gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the major
neurotransmitter for fast inhibitory synaptic
transmission. Gabapentin which is recently introduced as
an antiepileptic drug has been shown to modulate the
GABA concentration in vivo in the brain. In this study,
using MEGA PRESS based GABA editing sequence at 7T, we
demonstrated the feasibility of measuring elevated GABA
levels in response to gabapentin administration in
healthy volunteers.
|
3150. |
45 |
Characterizing White
Matter Abnormalities in Boys with Autism Spectrum Disorders
Using Diffusion Tensor Imaging
Sung-Yeon Park1, Se-Hong Oh1,2,
Young-Shin Kim3, Young-Bo Kim1,
Keun-Ah Cheon4, and Zang-Hee Cho1
1Neuroscience Research Institute, Gachon
University of Medicine and Science, Incheon, Korea, 2Department
of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia,
Pennsylvania, United States, 3Child
Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New
Haven, Connecticut, United States, 44Department
of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Institute of
Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University
College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
Autism has been hypothesized to reflect neuronal
disconnection. Several recent reports implicate the
white matter connectivity in the pathophysiology of
autism. Accordingly, we aimed to focus on evaluating the
integrity of the brain white matters in Korean boys with
high-functioning autism spectrum disorders (ASD) using
Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI). And our preliminary
findings support evidence implicating disturbances in
the brain white matter connections in autism
particularly in left hemisphere. These findings will
help on understanding of more advanced neurobiological
basis underlying the social deficits in ASD.
|
3151. |
46 |
Microstructure
abnormalities in children with attention deficit
hyperactivity disorder combined and inattentive subtypes
reveals by diffusion tensor imaging
Xiaoxia Du1, Du Lei1, Jun Ma2,
Guohua Shen1, and Gengying Li1
1Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic
Resonance, Department of Physics, East China Normal
University, Shanghai, China, 2Department
of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics of Shanghai
Children’s Medical Center, XinHua Hospital affiliated to
Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,
Shanghai Key Laborat, Shanghai, China
This study was to explore the differences of brain
microstructure between children with attention deficit
hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) predominantly inattentive
(ADHD-I) and combined (ADHD-C) sub-types by diffusion
tensor imaging.
|
3152. |
47 |
Structural connectivity of
the default mode network in adolescents with autism spectrum
disorders
Li-Ting Liu1, Shur-Fen Susan Gau1,2,
Ay-Woan Pan1,2, and Wen-Yih Isaac Tseng3,4
1Department of Occupational Therapy, National
Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, 2Department
of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital,
Taipei, Taiwan, 3Institute
of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University,
Taipei, Taiwan, 4Center
for Optoelectronic Biomedicine, National Taiwan
University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
This study aimed to investigate the structural
connectivity of DMN in adolescents with ASD and
typically developing (TD) adolescents. The DSI image of
13 adolescents with ASD (aged 15.0¡Ó0.94) and 13 age-,
sex-, and handedness-matched TD adolescent were acquired
on a 3T MRI system and performed using a twice-refocused
balanced EPI sequence. The predefined ROIs were
processed by the LDDMM normalization and transformation
procedure, we successfully tracked the 15 fiber bundles
of DMN in adolescents with ASD and TD. However, our
study provides weak evidence showing that structural
connectivity within DMN might be altered in adolescents
with ASD.
|
|
|
Electronic
Poster Session - Neuro A |
|
Learning Neuro Development using Advanced Imaging Techniques
Click on
to view
the abstract pdf and click on
to view the
video presentation. (Not all presentations are available.)
Monday 7 May 2012
Exhibition Hall |
16:30 - 17:30 |
|
|
|
Computer # |
|
3153. |
49 |
Feasibility of
connectivity-based classification of the preterm corpus
callosum at term equivalent age
Kerstin Pannek1, Giulia D'Acunto2,
Andrea Guzzetta3, Paul Colditz1,
and Stephen Rose1
1The University of Queensland, Brisbane,
Queensland, Australia, 2University
of Pisa, Italy, 3Stella
Maris Scientific Institute, Italy
The corpus callosum (CC) is a major white matter fibre
bundle, enabling the efficient interhemispheric transfer
of information in the brain. In infants born preterm,
development of the CC is often compromised, which can
impact on motor and cognitive function later in life.
Morphology of the CC can be analyzed using structural
imaging, while its microstructure can be assessed with
diffusion imaging. We investigate the feasibility of
using diffusion tractography to automatically segment
the CC based on its cortical connections in a cohort of
very preterm infants scanned at term equivalent age.
|
3154.
|
50 |
Changes of microstructural
correlation of white matter tracts with human brain
development
Virendra Mishra1, Hua Cheng2,
Gaolang Gong3, Yan Daniel Zhao4,
Yong He3, Qi Dong3, and Hao Huang1
1Advanced Imaging Research Center, University
of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas,
United States, 2Imaging
Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Beijing, China, 3State
Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning,
Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China, 4Clinical
Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical
Center, Dallas, Texas, United States
While the general increase of fractional anisotropy and
general decrease of mean, axial and radial diffusivity
of white matter during development are commonly found in
the literature, how microstructural correlations of
major white matter tracts change during development
remains unclear. In this study, we hypothesized that the
microstructural correlations of different white matter
tracts undergo significant change in terms of
correlation strength maps and the microstructural
correlation pattern represented by dendrograms is
reshuffled during brain development. Tract-level
measurements and inter-tract correlation analysis of the
four DTI metrics of 10 tracts from 26 neonates and 28
adolescents were conducted.
|
3155. |
51 |
Structural network
development of human brain during childhood
Hao Huang1, Ni Shu2, Virendra
Mishra1, Tina Jeon1, Gaolang Gong2,
Qi Dong2, and Yong He2
1Advanced Imaging Research Center, University
of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas,
United States, 2State
Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning,
Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
After birth, complicated molecular and biochemical
processes take place in the human brain white matter,
which is reshaped to better adapt sophisticated
functional and cognitive requirements. The axonal
connectivity undergoes dramatic structural changes,
causing the significant variations of brain network
properties. In this study, high resolution DTI data of
25 neonates, 13 infants and 15 young children were
acquired and analyzed with DTI based tractography to
characterize network dynamics at three landmark time
points during early childhood. Significant changes among
the network properties at these key developmental time
points were found although the property of small-world
organization is kept.
|
3156. |
52 |
Emerging left-right
asymmetry of white matter brain pathways in humans: Fetal,
neonatal, and toddler stages
Jae W Song1, Rebecca D Folkerth2,
P. Ellen Grant1, and Emi Takahashi1
1Fetal-Neonatal Neuroimaging & Developmental
Science Center, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, MA,
United States, 2Pathology,
Brigham And Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
We characterized the development of white matter
pathways and compared structural hemispheric
differences. Human fetal brains at post-gestational week
(W) 17, W20, W30, W34, W40, and 2years were imaged using
a 4.7T Bruker (ex vivo specimens) and 3T Siemens (in
vivo subjects) MR system. Migration-related, limbic and
cortico-cortical fiber pathways were segmented using
high-angular resolution diffusion imaging tractography,
and fractional anisotropy, apparent diffusion
coefficients, trajectories and volumes were compared
using an asymmetry index. Asymmetric hemispheric
developmental pathways were observed as early as 17W
with a gradual right-ward and left-ward asymmetry by
2years in some limbic and cortico-cortical pathways,
respectively.
|
3157. |
53 |
Development of Cerebellar
White Matter and Cortical Connections in Humans
Emi Takahashi1,2, Jae W Song1,
Guangping Dai3, Rebecca D Folkerth4,
Jeremy D Schmahmann5, and Patricia Ellen
Grant1,2
1Newborn Medicine, Children's Hospital
Boston, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United
States, 2Fetal-Neonatal
Neuroimaging & Developmental Science Center, Children's
Hospital Boston, 3Radiology,
Massachusetts General Hospital, 4Pathology,
Division of Neuropathology, Brigham and Women's
Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 5Neurology,
Massachusetts General Hospital
We applied HARDI tractography to intact postmortem fetal
and mature cerebellums to explore the 3-dimensional
development of cerebellum pathways. We observed
regression of radial organization in the cerebellar
cortex and the emergence of regional specificity of
cerebellar peduncles that were similar to our previous
observations on the development of cerebral cortex. In
particular, our results suggest that we may be able to
resolve axonal pathways from different types of cells
within the cerebellar cortex, which is potentially
critical for the future application of this technique to
in vivo imaging. Future immunohistochemical correlation
studies are planned to test this hypothesis.
|
3158. |
54 |
Investigating the spatial
folding pattern of very preterm neonatal cortex scanned at
term-equivalent age
Andrew Melbourne1, Giles S Kendall2,
Manuel J Cardoso1, Nicola J Robertson2,
Neil Marlow2, and Sebastien Ourselin1
1University College London, London, United
Kingdom, 2University
College Hospital, London, United Kingdom
MRI has revealed a common imaging phenotype which has
stimulated efforts to develop markers of outcome to
guide mitigating treatment or therapy. This work
analyses the cortical surface properties of 92 very
preterm babies (born prior to 32 weeks gestational age
(GA)). High-resolution T1-weighted term-equivalent MRI
of very preterm neonates are segmented and the
grey/white matter interface extracted. By correlating
the cortical surface properties both globally and for
each lobe we can investigate the spatial pattern of
cortical folding. This reveals consistent spatial
patterns in the cortical surface pattern.
|
3159. |
55 |
Early childhood home
environment predicts frontal and temporal cortical thickness
in the young adult brain
Brian B Avants1, Gwen Lawson1,
James Gee1, Martha Farah1, and
Hallam Hurt2
1University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia,
PA, United States, 2Children's
hospital of philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United
States
The brain depends upon early nurturance and
environmental input to sculpt and prune its extensive
neural architecture as it develops. However, the impact
of childhood experience on brain development is not well
understood. we examine the relationship between age 4
mea- sures of a child’s home environment and cortical
thickness derived from T1-weighted MRI. This study is
the first to document a neural substrate that is
specifically sensitive to normal variation in overall
quality of early childhood experience.
|
3160. |
56 |
Age Specific DTI Average
Brain Atlases from the NIH MRI Study of Normal Brain
Development (PedsDTI)
Carlo Pierpaoli1, Lindsay Walker1,2,
Amritha Nayak1,2, Lin-Ching Chang3,
William Ball4, Kelly Botteron5,
James McCracken6, Robert McKinstry5,
Michael Rivkin7, and the Brain Development
Cooperative Group8
1NICHD, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States, 2CNRM,
USUHS, 3CUA, 4Children's
Hospital Cincinnati, 5Washington
University St. Louis, 6UCLA, 7Children's
Hospital, Boston, 8www.NIH-pediatricMRI.org
We present a first analysis of data from the diffusion
tensor imaging (DTI) component of the NIH MRI study of
Normal Brain Development (PedsDTI). We analyze age
specific brain atlases that will be included in the data
repository, available for download by scientists and
clinicians
|
3161. |
57 |
What b-value should be
used to resolve crossing fibres in the neonate brain?
Kerstin Pannek1, Tracey Bjorkman1,
Paul Colditz1, and Stephen Rose1
1The University of Queensland, Brisbane,
Queensland, Australia
Diffusion MRI and tractography are increasingly popular
tools for studying the neonate brain. The ability to
resolve crossing fibres is crucial for obtaining
accurate tractography results. Several higher order
models of diffusion have been proposed to overcome the
limitations of the diffusion tensor in this respect.
However, higher b-values are typically required in these
models. This parameter needs to be optimized for the
neonate brain to improve the estimation of fibre
orientations from diffusion imaging and increase the
accuracy of tractography.
|
3162. |
58 |
Effects of gender and
music on global functional connectivity density at 4T MRI
Ruiliang Wang1, Gene-Jack Wang1,
Rita Goldstein1, Elisabeth Caparelli1,
Frank Telang1, Nora D Volkow2,3,
and Dardo Tomasi3
1Medical Department, Brookhaven National
Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, United States, 2National
Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institute on Health,3National
Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National
Institute on Health
Using voxelwise resting-state functional connectivity
density mapping here we demonstrate that music can
increase the global functional connectivity density of
the brain. EPI datasets from 113 healthy subjects were
collected in resting conditions in a 4Tesla MRI scanner.
Parallel computing techniques were used to speed up the
computation of the gFCD (degree centrality) at 3 mm
isotropic resolution. Standard parametric mapping
techniques demonstrated a music-related enhancement of
the gFCD in the motor cortex that was strongly
correlated with music-liking scores and prominent gender
effects affecting the short-range hubs in the default
mode network and long-range hubs in the visual cortex.
|
3163. |
59 |
Heterogeneity of human
white matter development: diffusivity parameters decrease
fastest in the center of white matter tracts, from 5 to 19
years of age
Shu-Wei Sun1,2, Nirmalya Ghosh1,
Karen Tong1, Barbara Holshouser1,
and Stephen Ashwal1
1Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA,
United States, 2University
of California, Riverside, CA, United States
We compared changes in whole brain DTI parameters taken
from the center of white matter tracts to parameters
from the entire tract to evaluate the homogeneity of
white matter maturation in children and adolescents
between 5-19 years old. The white matter area increased
~2.5 times but the length of tracts only increased ~1.5
times. White matter maturation is not homogeneous within
the tracts. Diffusivity decreases faster in the center
compared to the edges of the white matter tracts
suggesting greater myelin development and compactness
which may provide greater resistance to shearing
injuries compared to the gray-white matter junction.
|
3164. |
60 |
Serial diffusion tensor
imaging demonstrates that the degree of prematurity at birth
is associated with white matter microstructure at term
equivalent age but not to white matter microstructure in the
early neonatal period.
Britta M Huening1,2, Libuse Pazderova1,
Gareth Ball1, Nora Tusor1, Nazakat
Merchant1, Tomoki Arichi1, Joanna
Allsop1, Ursula Felderhoff-Mueser2,
Mary Rutherford1, A David Edwards1,
and Serena J Counsell1
1Centre for the Developing Brain, Imperial
College London, London, United Kingdom, 2University
Hospital Essen, Essen, NRW, Germany
We studied 50 preterm infants, born at < 33 weeks
gestational age (GA) at 2 timepoints; 31 (25+2 - 33)
weeks GA and 41+2 (38+6 – 44+1) weeks GA using tract
based spatial statistics (TBSS) analysis of diffusion
tensor imaging (DTI) data. We observed a dose-dependent
relationship between WM FA values at term, but not in
the early neonatal period. These data suggest that
diffuse WM injury is not an inevitable consequence of
preterm birth, and imply there may be a window of
opportunity where intervention with appropriate
treatments may ameliorate the adverse effects of
prematurity on WM development.
|
3165. |
61 |
Comparative in and ex
utero thalamic volumetric growth and the effect of preterm
birth
M Ash Ederies1,2, Christina Malamateniou1,
Tomoki Arichi2, Nora Tusor2,
Serena J Counsell2, Joanna M Allsop1,
Tayyib Hayat1, Joseph V Hajnal1,
Mary A Rutherford1, and A David Edwards2
1Robert Steiner MRI Unit, Imaging Sciences
Department, MRC CSC, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial
College London, London, United Kingdom, 2Centre
for the Developing Brain, Imaging Sciences Department,
MRC CSC, Queen Charlottes and Chelsea Hospital, Imperial
College London, London, United Kingdom
Preterm birth is associated with grey and white matter
abnormalities which translate into adverse
neurodevelopment. There is disruption of
thalamo-cortical connectivity as evident by reduced
thalamic volume at term equivalent age. Our aim was to
compare thalamic growth trajectories of the fetal, term
and preterm populations. Manual thalamic segmentations
were performed on data sets (T2w) corrected for motion
using the Snapshot-to-Volume Reconstruction algorithm.
The development of the thalamus for fetal and term
populations modelled a single growth curve. The growth
curve of the preterm group was consistent with the fetal
group during mid-gestation but showed reduction beyond
35 weeks.
|
3166. |
62 |
Time-Resolved 3D Fetal
Imaging: Preliminary Results
Jing Liu1, Orit Glenn1, and Duan
Xu1
1University of California San Francisco, San
Francisco, CA, United States
Time-resolved whole brain fetal imaging was achieved by
using a multi-echo radial sequence during a continuous
scan of about 3 minutes, with the mother breathing
freely. Preliminary results demonstrated that the images
of fetus obtained in vivo could be retrospectively
selected with the time-resolved 3D images. Gating
signals were derived from the image data and can be
applied for motion compensation. Image registration of
the time-resolved 3D images can further improve the
image quality and data acquisition efficiency.
|
3167. |
63 |
Brain development in
preterm infants at term equivalent age: Assessment using DTI
Hye Jin Jeong1, So Yeon Shim2,
Joon Sup Jeong1, Se Hong Oh1, Sung
Yeon Park1, Young Bo Kim1, and
Zang Hee Cho1
1Gachon University of Medicine and Science,
Neuroscience Research Instiute, Namdong-gu, Incheon,
Korea, 2Gachon
University Gil Hospital, Department of Pediatrics,
Namdong-gu, Incheon, Korea
Infant born preterm have a high incidence of
neurodevelopmental impairment, comparing with full-term
infants. Development of brain white matter (WM) study
based on DTI may allow prediction of later
neurodevlopmental outcome. we performed analyses of
brain development between full-term infants and preterm
infants at equivalent age using TBSS. Group-wise
voxel-based comparisons between full-term infants and
preterm infants revealed significantly decreased FA
values in preterm infants at term equivalent age. We
show that growth of white matter is gestation dependent.
Longitudinal study is needed to define the catch-up
growth in preterm infants.
|
3168. |
64 |
Resting State Analysis of
Function in the Moving Fetal Brain?
Sharmishtaa Seshamani1, Mads Fogtmann1,
Moriah Thomason2, and Colin Studholme1
1Pediatrics, Bioengineering, Radiology, BICG,
University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States, 2Wayne
State University, Detroit, MI, United States
A framework for resting state fMRI analysis of moving
fetuses is introduced. The novelty of the work is the
application of slice correction and weighted ICA for
extracting functional networks in the fetal brain. The
strength of the method has been verified by
demonstrating that motion artifacts are reduced in the
ICA components after slice correction and by
demonstrating the presence of similar networks in motion
corrected data across multiple subjects.
|
3169. |
65 |
Automatic Brain MRI
Segmentation in Very Preterm Infants
Lili He1, and Nehal A. Parikh1
1Center for Perinatal Research, Nationwide
Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States
Premature birth and secondary perinatal-neonatal insults
profoundly alter brain development and functional
outcomes. Accurate gray and white matter tissue
quantification of neonatal brain MRI scans can enhance
our understanding of this developmental trajectory and
serve as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. However,
accurate quantification remains an extremely challenging
task in very pdue to a combination of factors, including
lower image contrast (due to incomplete myelination at
this isointense stage), lower signal-to-noise ratio
(shorter scan times), greater motion artifacts, and
lower spatial resolution (smaller head size) as compared
to adult brain scans. In this paper, we present a fully
automated and computational efficient spatial fuzzy
segmentation algorithm, which we first proposed to
detect activation regions in functional MRI. The method
is validated both qualitatively and quantitatively on
simulated and in-vivo extremely low birth weight (ELBW;
BW ¡Ü 1000g) infant brain MRI scans at term-equivalent
age.
|
3170. |
66 |
Population-averaged high
resolution human fetal brain DTI atlas
Hao Huang1,2, Tina Jeon1, Linda
Richards3, Paul Yarowsky4, Horst R
Zielke5, and Susumu Mori6
1Advanced Imaging Research Center, University
of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas,
United States, 2Department
of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical
Center, Dallas, Texas, United States, 3Queensland
Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, St Lucia,
Queensland, Australia, 4Pharmacology
and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Maryland,
Baltimore, Maryland, United States, 5Pediatrics,
University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, United
States, 6Department
of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore,
Maryland, United States
Anatomical abnormality of human brains at the fetal
stage is highly related to neurodevelopmental disorders
at infancy and childhood. A population-averaged high
resolution atlas at 20 weeks of gestation (wg), around
the middle point of prenatal development, is essential
for fetal evaluation which may lead to life-saving
diagnosis and therapy for the extremely preterm babies.
In this study, with high resolution DTI data with
isotropic resolution 0.29mm from 10 postmortem fetal
brain samples at around 20wg, we established a
population-averaged human fetal brain DTI atlas by
applying linear affine and large deformation
diffeomorphic metric mapping (LDDMM) transformation.
|
3171. |
67 |
DTI in neonates: data
corruption due to motion
Anneriet M. Heemskerk1,2, Annemarie Plaisier2,
Irwin Reiss2, Maarten H. Lequin1,
Alexander Leemans3, and Jeroen Dudink1,2
1Radiology, Erasmus MC University Medical
Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands, 2Pediatrics,
Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam,
Netherlands,3Image Sciences Institute,
University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
Motion corrupted slices are a major problem in neonatal
DTI as neonates have high occurrence of movement and
this motion results in corrupted slices. We investigate
the number of outliers in the tensor estimation as a
method to detect corrupted slices in neonates. We found
that 60% of the 27 subjects had corrupted data, defined
as >10 slices with >30% outliers. These corrupted slices
can lead to registration problems and erroneous tensor
estimates depending on their location and spread.
Targeted acquisition and processing is needed in this
specific subject group to obtain reliable tensor
estimates.
|
3172. |
68 |
Correlation of brain
network metrics with the neuromotor outcome in babies with
encephalopathy
Olga Tymofiyeva1, Christopher P Hess1,
Etay Ziv1, Sonia L Bonifacio2,
Patrick S McQuillen2, Donna M Ferriero2,
A James Barkovich1, and Duan Xu1
1Department of Radiology & Biomedical
Imaging, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, United States, 2Department
of Pediatrics, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, United States
Babies with neonatal encephalopathy are facing the risk
of neurological deficits that are difficult to predict.
The recently introduced technique for characterizing
structural connectivity networks using diffusion MRI can
become a new tool for studying the subtle differences in
anatomical connectivity of the baby brain. In this
study, we correlated some basic properties of the
structural brain networks in babies with encephalopathy
with the neuromotor outcome at the age of six months. A
trend to declining brain network integration and
segregation could be observed with increasing neuromotor
deficits.
|
3173. |
69 |
Outlier Rejection for
Adaptive Neonatal Segmentation
M. Jorge Cardoso1, Andrew Melbourne1,
Giles S. Kendall2, Nicola J. Robertson2,
Neil Marlow2, and Sebastien Ourselin1
1CMIC, UCL, London, United Kingdom, 2Academic
Neonatology, UCL, London, United Kingdom
Volume estimation through automated segmentation can
help predict neurodevelopmental outcome in babies born
prematurely. However, automated segmentation techniques
are hampered by lack of contrast, white matter (WM)
abnormalities and anatomical variability. We propose an
Expectation Maximisation (EM) segmentation algorithm
with a prior over intensities and tissue proportions, a
B0 inhomogeneity correction, a spatial homogeneity term
and a robust outlier rejection technique that ignores
unexpected intensity clusters. This technique
significantly improves both the accuracy and the
robustness of the segmentation to the presence of WM
abnormalities and pathological variability when compared
to a state-of-the-art EM-segmentation.
|
3174. |
70 |
The right-ear advantage
for dichotic listening of speech-related stimuli is
predicted by both attentional and structural factors:
results from machine-learning analysis of neuroimaging data
Vincent J Schmithorst1, Rola Farah2,
and Robert W Keith2
1Radiology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh
of UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA, United States, 2Audiology,
University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
During dichotic presentation of speech-related stimuli,
most individuals show a right-ear advantage (REA),
recalling with greater accuracy stimuli presented to
their right ear. We used multi-voxel pattern analysis
(MVPA) on fMRI and DTI data to predict REA or left-ear
advantage (LEA) for dichotic listening in children. REA
was predicted by lesser axial diffusivity (AD) in the
sublenticular part of the left internal capsule, and
greater functional activation in the left frontal eye
fields (BA 8) for the contrast of diotic vs. dichotic
word presentations. Results suggest that REA is not
fully explained either by a structural or an attentional
model.
|
3175. |
71 |
Intra-Uterine
Sub-Structure Evaluation of the Developing Neuro-Anatomical
Fiber Tracts in Fetuses Using DTI
Travis S. Scharr1, Katherine L. Ragland2,
Majid A. Khan2, Kenneth Liechty3,
James A. Bofill3, Razvan Buciuc2,
and Judy R. James2
1School of Medicine, University of
Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, United
States, 2Department
of Radiology, University of Mississippi Medical Center,
Jackson, Mississippi, 3University
Center for Fetal Medicine, University of Mississippi
Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) holds great potential for
non-invasive identification of white matter development
in the brain. The purpose of this study was to determine
if DTI can help assess the functional correlation
between gestational age and white matter fiber tract
development in fetal brains and assess DTI’s potential
for identifying and interpreting the pathophysiology of
brain abnormalities in-utero. Our results show a
positive correlation between aspects of motor and
sensory fiber development with increasing gestational
age in normal fetuses. An optimized DTI technique should
serve as a promising tool for a sub-structure evaluation
of fetal brain abnormalities in-utero.
|
3176. |
72 |
The assessments of the
neonatal brain development by 2D 1H-MRS in 3.0 Tesla
Qinli Sun1, Jin Shang1, Xin Hou1,
Jie Gao1, Bolang Yu1, and Yang
Jian1
1the first affiliated hospital of medical
college, Xi'an Jiaotong University, xi'an, shannxi,
China
The purpose in this study is to investigate the
differences of NAA/Cho ratio, NAA/Cr ratio and Cho/Cr
ratio in special regions of basal ganglia (BG), thalamus
(TH), white matter (WM) beside cornu anterius ventriculi
lateralis and posterior limb of internal capsule (PLIC)
between premature neonates and term neonates, and the
correlation between metabolite ratios and postmenstrual
ages (PMA) to assess normal metabolite levels for the
neonatal brains using 2D 1H-MRS techniques in 3.0 T
magnetic machine. The mean ratios of NAA/Cho and NAA/Cr
of the regions in premature were significantly lower
than them in term while the mean ratio of Cho/Cr was
higher. Regression analysis showed the linear positive
correlations between PMA and NAA / Cho ratio, NAA/Cr
ratio while linear negative correlations between PMA and
Cho/Cr ratio. There were significant differences in the
metabolite ratios between anatomic regions besides NAA/Cho
ratio between BG and PLIC and Cho/Cr ratio between TH
and WM. The metabolite ratios vary with both
postconceptional age and anatomic location, which
demonstrates the feasibility to establish a normal
baseline by 2D 1H-MRS in clinical assessments of the
neonatal brain and to determine the severity of the
injury at early stage.
|
|
|
Electronic
Poster Session - Neuro A |
|
Brain Tumor Imaging: Diagnosis & Response to Therapy
Click on
to view
the abstract pdf and click on
to view the
video presentation. (Not all presentations are available.)
Monday 7 May 2012
Exhibition Hall |
17:30 - 18:30 |
|
|
|
Computer # |
|
3177.
|
49 |
Evaluation of human brain
metastases using molecular MRI based on endogenous
protein-based amide proton transfer (APT) signals
Silun Wang1, Zhibo Wen2, Jing Gu1,
Ge Zhang2, Xianlong Wang2, Fanheng
Huang2, Peter C.M. van Zijl1,3,
and Jinyuan Zhou1,3
1Departments of Radiology, The Johns Hopkins
University, Baltimore, MD, United States, 2Department
of Radiology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical
University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China, 3F.M.
Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging,
Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States
We explored the imaging features of brain metastases
using APT imaging of endogenous mobile proteins and
peptides at 3 Tesla. Results showed that the metastasis
tumor core had significantly higher APT signal
intensities, compared to adjacent peritumoral edema and
normal-appearing white matter. Metastases from small
cell lung cancer had significantly lower APT signal
intensities than those of lung adenocarcinoma and other
adenocarcinomas. APT imaging provides additional
diagnostic information to characterize brain metastases
non-invasively.
|
3178. |
50 |
MR spectroscopy as an
early indicator of response to anti-angiogenic therapy in
patients with recurrent glioblastoma: ACRIN 6677 / RTOG 0625
Eva-Maria Ratai1, Zheng Zhang2,
Bradley Snyder2, Melanie Yeh2,
Darryl L'Heureux3, Jamie Downs3,
Jerrold Boxerman4, Yair Safriel5,
Gregory Sorensen1, Daniel Barboriak6,
and Mark Gilbert7
1Department of Radiology, A. A. Martinos
Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General
Hospital, Charlestown, MA, United States, 2Center
for Statistical Sciences, Brown University, United
States, 3American
College of Radiology Imaging Network, United States, 4Diagnostic
Imaging, Warren Albert Medical School of Brown
University, United States, 5Radiology
Associates of Clearwater, United States, 6Department
of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, United
States, 7Department
of Neuro-Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson
Cancer Center, United States
We here report the MR spectroscopy findings of the
clinical trial RTOG 0625/ACRIN 6677 entitled “A
Randomized Phase II Trial of Bevacizumab with Irinotecan
or Bevacizumab with Temozolomide in Recurrent
Glioblastoma” The purpose of this study was to assess
the potential role of MR spectroscopy as an early
indicator of response to anti-angiogenic therapy. We
find transient decreases in choline/creatine (Cho/Cr) at
2 weeks post treatment indicating a possible decrease in
tumor malignancy. Furthermore, after 8 weeks of
anti-angiogenic therapy decreases in Cho/Cr in the tumor
and increases in N-Acetylaspartate/Cr in the periphery
are associated with 12-month survival.
|
3179. |
51 |
Whole-Brain Black-Blood
Imaging with Magnetization-Transfer-Prepared-Spin-Echo-Like
Contrast: Application for Contrast-Enhanced Brain Metastasis
Screening at 3.0Tesla
Masami Yoneyama1, Masanobu Nakamura1,
Tomoyuki Okuaki1, Takashi Tabuchi1,
Atsushi Takemura2, Makoto Obara2,
Thomas Kwee3, and Taro Takahara4
1Yaesu Clinic, Tokyo, Japan, 2Philips
Electronics Japan, Tokyo, Japan, 3University
Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands, 4Tokai
University School of Engineering, Kanagawa, Japan
Contrast-enhanced 3D T1-weighted imaging based on GRE is
widely used for detecting small brain metastases.
However, since contrast materials remain in both blood
and the tumor parenchyma and thus increase the signal
intensity of both regions, it is often challenging to
distinguish brain tumors from blood. In this study, we
propose a T1-optimized, "perfect" black-blood imaging
using MSDE prepared 3D low refocusing flip angle TSE (MATLVE)
for brain metastasis screening at 3.0 Tesla. The signal
intensity of CE blood substantially decreases in MATLVE.
While in comparison of CRWM-Tumor, MATLVE was
significantly higher than conventional 3D-T1TFE and
3D-TSE. MATLVE can be used for 3D volumetric T1 weighted
black-blood imaging, and that is effective in detecting
small brain metastases by selectively enhancing tumor
signals while suppressing blood signals.
|
3180. |
52 |
Characterization of
Hypoxic Areas in the Human Brain
Nuria Maria Hirsch1, Christine Preibisch1,2,
Vivien Tóth1, Jürgen den Hollander1,
Annette Förschler1, Hendrik Kooijman3,
and Claus Zimmer1
1Department of Neuroradiology, Klinikum
rechts der Isar der TU München, München, Germany, 2Department
of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar der TU München,
München, Germany, 3Clinical
Application, Philips Healthcare, Hamburg, Germany
Hypoxia is assumed to promote the development and
proliferation of tumor stem cells especially in highly
malignant and aggressive tumors The BOLD effect provides
a method for oxygenation dependent contrast, but for an
absolute quantification of oxygen saturation T2, T2* and
CBV have to be measured additionally. In this study,
hypoxia was mapped semi-quantitatively from those
parameters with an emphasis on fast imaging methods that
can easily be employed in the clinic.
|
3181. |
53 |
Resting State fMRI for
Presurgical Motor Cortex Mapping is Not Enough
Ming Zhang1, Chen Niu1, Pan Lin2,
Zhigang Min1, Chenwang Jin1, Gang
Yu3, Maode Wang1, Baixiang He1,
and Xin Liu2
1the First Affiliated Hospital of Medical
College,Xian Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China, 2Key
Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of
Education Ministry,Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an,
shaanxi, China, 3School
of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an
Jiaotong University, China
The localization of motor cortex in tumor patients plays
an important role in presurgical planning and risk
assessment. Therefore, over the past few years, resting
state fMRI and task-based fMRI have been used together
to localize the motor cortex. However, it is worth
noting that whether the RS-fMRI can serve as a promising
alternative to the task-based fMRI in the mapping of
motor cortex still remains pending due to the
insufficient dataset of tumor patients. In this work,we
aim to evaluate the possibility of employing the RS-fMRI
as a proper and robust tool for mapping motor cortex in
presurgical patients.
|
3182. |
54 |
Preoperative
differentiation between grade II and III gliomas subtypes
and genotypes using MR spectroscopy, perfusion and diffusion
imaging
Slim Fellah1, Delphine Caudal2,
Philippe Dory-Lautrec2, Patrick Viout1,
Olivier Chinot3, Philippe Metellus4,
Dominique Figarella-Branger5, Virginie Callot1,
Patrick J. Cozzone1, Sylviane Confort-Gouny1,
and Nadine Girard1,2
1CRMBM, CNRS, Aix-Marseille Univ, Marseille,
France, 2Department
of Neuroradiology, APHM, Hopital de la Timone,
Marseille, France, 3Department
of Neurooncology, APHM, Hopital de la Timone, Marseille,
France, 4Department
of Neurosurgery, APHM, Hopital de la Timone, Marseille,
France, 5Department
of Phathology and Neuropathology, APHM, Hopital de la
Timone, Marseille, France
Preoperative diagnosis of gliomas is challenging and
clinically important for therapy planning. Conventional
MRI provides valuable information for the preoperative
diagnosis of brain tumors but still insufficient in some
cases. Moreover, patients with 1p/19q codeletion and/or
IDH1 mutation have longer survival than those possessing
the wild type. We used a multimodal MRI protocol
including diffusion, perfusion and spectroscopy to
investigate noninvasively patients with WHO grade II and
III oligodendrogliomas and oligoastrocytomas. Our
findings helped differentiating these tumors according
to their subtypes but also according to their molecular
status. This could be helpful for designing customized
therapies and for patient management.
|
3183. |
55 |
Preoperative Assessment of
Meningioma Stiffness by MR Elastography
Matthew C Murphy1, John Huston, III1,
Kevin J Glaser1, Armando Manduca2,
Fredric B Meyer3, Giuseppe Lanzino3,
Joel P Felmlee1, and Richard L Ehman1
1Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic,
Rochester, MN, United States, 2Department
of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic,
Rochester, MN, United States, 3Department
of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United
States
Meningiomas vary in stiffness and the ease of resection
is in part determined by the consistency of the tumor. A
noninvasive method for measuring tumor stiffness would
improve preoperative planning and more accurately assess
the risk of surgery. However, current imaging methods
have limited ability to predict the mechanical
properties of meningiomas. The purpose of this work was
to perform a pilot study to determine if MR elastography
shows merit for measuring meningioma stiffness
noninvasively.
|
3184. |
56 |
Evaluation of Gadolinium
Concentration in Morphologic Assessment of Brain Tumors:
Results of a Multicenter Intraindividual Crossover
Comparison of Gadobutrol Versus Gadobenate Dimeglumine (the
MERIT Study)
Guenther Schneider1, Josef Vymazal2,
Marek Mechl3, Mayank Goyal4,
Miroslav Herman5, Cesare Colosimo6,
Mieczyslaw Pasowicz7, Robert Yeung8,
Barbara Paraniak-Gieszczyk9, Brian Yemen10,
Nicoletta Anzalone11, Alberto Citterio12,
Stefano Bastianello13, Jordi Ruscalleda14,
and Zdenk Seidl15
1Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology,
Saarland University Hospital, Homburg, Germany, 2MRI,
Na Homolce Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic, 3Radiology,
University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic, 4MRI,
Foothills Medical Centre, Calgary, Alberta, Canada, 5Radiology,
University Hospital, Olomouc, Czech Republic, 6Radiology,
Policlinico “Agostino Gemelli”, Rome, Italy, 7John
Paul II Hospital, Krakow, Poland, 8Sunnybrook
Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, 9NZOZ
Slaskie Centrum Diagnostyki Obrazowej, "Helimed",
Katowice, Poland, 10Hamilton
Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada,11Neuroradiology,
Hospital San Raffaele, Milan, Italy, 12Neuroradiology,
Hospital Niguarda Ca' Granda, Milan, Italy, 13Neuroradiology,
University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy, 14Hospital
de la Santa Cruz y San Pablo, Barcelona, Spain, 15Neurological
Clinic, Prague, Czech Republic
In a prospective double blind intraindividual crossover
study, 122 adult patients with known or suspected brain
tumors were randomized to undergo two identical enhanced
MR examinations within 3-14 days using 0.1 mmol/kg doses
of gadobenate dimeglumine or higher-concentration
gadobutrol (volumes of 0.2 mL/kg and 0.1 mL/kg,
respectively). Three blinded neuroradiologists assessed
images for qualitative (ie, lesion border delineation,
disease extent, internal lesion morphology, lesion
contrast enhancement, overall diagnostic preference) and
quantitative (ie, contrast-to-noise ratio,
lesion-to-background ratio) endpoints. Images acquired
after gadobenate dimeglumine demonstrated greater
morphologic information and lesion enhancement compared
to gadobutrol. Safety findings were comparable for the
two agents.
|
3185. |
57 |
Quantification of
hyperoxia induced changes in normal tissue and intracranial
glioma using SWAN imaging
Bhaswati Roy1, Rishi Awasthi1,
Prativa Sahoo2, Sanjay Verma3,
Sanjay Behari4, Bal Kishan Ojha5,
Ram KS Rathore2, and Rakesh Kumar Gupta1
1Radiodiagnosis, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate
Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India, 2Mathematics
& Statistics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur,
India, 3Laboratory
of Molecular Imaging, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium,
Singapore, 4Neurosurgery,
Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical
Sciences, India, 5chhatrapati
shahuji maharaj medical university, India
Fifteen (11male and 4female; mean age=43yrs) patients
with definitive diagnosis of glioma were imaged on 3T
scanner, using SWAN imaging while breathing normal air
and after 5 minutes of breathing 100% oxygen. Quantified
values of R2*, phase and magnitude showed significant
changes on different tumor tissue type in hyperoxia as
compare to normoxia. Significant changes was observed in
ΔR2*, Δ phase and Δ mag of different tissue type from
normal. We conclude that there is differential response
to different tumor tissue type to hyperoxia and this
information may be of value for tissue classification in
brain tumor tissue type in future.
|
3186. |
58 |
Ex-vivo identification of
IDH mutant gliomas using edited magnetic resonance
spectroscopy detection of 2HG at 9.4 Tesla
Jamie Near1, Sarah Larkin2,
Alexandr Khrapichev3, Peter Jezzard1,
and Olaf Ansorge2
1FMRIB Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford,
Oxfordshire, United Kingdom, 2Department
of Neuropathology, University of Oxford, 3Gray
Institute for Radiation Oncology and Biology, University
of Oxford
Mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 and 2 define a
glioma subtype with improved prognosis. IDH mutated
tumours also contain elevated levels of 2HG. Magnetic
resonance spectroscopy detection of 2HG may, therefore,
provide an important prognostic biomarker in the initial
staging of human gliomas. In this study, 12 human glioma
tissue specimens were examined ex-vivo using edited
magnetic resonance spectroscopy at 9.4 Tesla. 2HG was
unambiguously detected in 9 of 11 IDH mutated tumour
specimens, suggesting that MRS of 2HG holds potential as
an indicator of tumour mutation status.
|
3187. |
59 |
Magnetic Resonance
Spectroscopy identifies Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor
amplification in high-grade gliomas.
Bas Idema1, Sandra Sprenger2,
Judith Jeuken2,3, Andre Grotenhuis1,
Pieter Wesseling2, and Arend Heerschap4
1Neurosurgery, UMC St Radboud, Nijmegen,
Gelderland, Netherlands, 2Pathology,
UMC St Radboud, Nijmegen, Gelderland, Netherlands, 3PAMM,
Eindhoven, Netherlands, 4Radiology,
UMC St Radboud, Netherlands
Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor amplification in
high-grade glioma is associated with unfavorable
prognosis. The aim of our study was to improve
non-invasive identification of EGFR amplification in
gliomas by MRS. We collected 76 biopsies from 35
patients with a high grade glioma. A preoperative proton
3D multivoxel MRS scan, semi-LASER sequence with an echo
time of 30ms, was performed at 3 Tesla. The EGFR status
was determined by MLPA in 31 patients. The concentration
of glutamine was significantly correlated with EGFR copy
number (sensitivity and specificity 100%) and EGFR
variant III (sensitivity 100%, specificity 87%).
|
3188. |
60 |
Post-Embolization
Susceptibility Changes in Intracranial Giant Meningiomas:
Multimodal Histogram Analysis Using Non-Contrast-Enhanced
Susceptibility-Weighted PRESTO, Diffusion-Weighted, and
Perfusion-Weighted Imaging
Tomokazu Nishiguchi 1,2, Kohji Hayasaki 3,
Takeshi Iwakiri 2, Masahiko Ohsawa 4,
Tetsuya Yoneda 5, Yutaka Mitsuhashi 3,
Akimasa Nishio 3, Thomas Tourdias 6,
Taro Shimono 2, Vincent Dousset 1,
and Yukio Miki 7
1Radiology, Bordeaux University, Bordeaux,
Aquitane, France, 2Radiology,
Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine,
Osaka, Osaka, Japan,3Neurosurgery, Osaka City
University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Osaka,
Japan, 4Pathology,
Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine,
Osaka, Osaka, Japan, 5Department
of Medical Physics in Advanced Biomedical Sciences,
Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto Universit, Kumamoto,
Kumamoto, Japan, 6Radiology,
Bordeuax University, Bordeaux, Aquitane, France, 7Radiology,
Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine,
Bordeaux, Aquitane, France
|
3189. |
61 |
Automated 3D MRSI of
Patients with Brain Tumors
Eugene Ozhinsky1,2, Daniel B. Vigneron1,3,
Susan M. Chang4, and Sarah J. Nelson1,3
1Surbeck Laboratory of Advanced Imaging,
Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging,
University of California San Francisco, San Francisco,
CA, United States, 2UC
Berkeley - UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering,
University of California San Francisco, San Francisco,
CA, United States,3Department of
Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of
California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United
States, 4Department
of Neurological Surgery, University of California San
Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
This study evaluated the performance of automatically
prescribed 3D MRSI protocol in patients with brain
tumors. The data shows robust coverage of the tumor,
high consistency of prescription and very good data
quality within the T2 lesion. It validates the
feasibility of automatically prescribed 3D MRSI in
routine brain tumor imaging.
|
3190. |
62 |
Susceptibility-weighted
imaging with the aid of dedicated software in assessment of
brain tumors vascularization.
Agata Majos1, Julia Wieczorek-Pastusiak1,
Marek Kociñski2, Micha³ Strzelecki2,
and Ludomir Stefañczyk1
1Radiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz,
Poland, 2Institute
of Electronics, Technical University of Lodz, Lodz,
Poland
The aim - to prove the usefulness of
susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) in evaluation of
brain tumors vascularization in comparison to
contrast-enhanced T1 sequence in an objective way. 10
neurosurgery patients underwent MRI in 1.5T scanner.
Image analysis was provided by dedicated, authors`
computer application. The similar number of elongated
structures (vessels) was identified in both sequences.
There was a predominance of SWI in the amount of white
pixels per ROI. The program facilitates to isolate
vessels. The advantage of SWI in assessment of
neoangiogenesis is that the disruption of brain-blood
barrier is not seen, so vessels can be easily revealed.
|
3191. |
63 |
Utility of Multiple
b-value DWI derived metrics in differentiation of high grade
from low grade glioma
Bhaswati Roy1, Rishi Awasthi1,
Prativa Sahoo2, Ram KS Rathore2,
and Rakesh Kumar Gupta1
1Radiodiagnosis, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate
Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India, Lucknow,
Uttar Pradesh, India, 2Mathematics
& Statistics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur,
Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
Sixteen (11 male and 5 female; mean age=41 yrs)
untreated consecutive patients (11 high grades & 5 low
grades on histopathology) with a postoperative diagnosis
of either high or low grade glioma were imaged on 3T
scanner, using multi b-value DWI (0 to 2000s/mm2) and
DCE MRI. On Student’s independent t-test, none of the
DWI derived ADC, fp, Dslow and Dfast showed any
significant differences between high and low grade
glioma whereas all the DCE derived metrics except ve
were found to be significantly higher in high grade as
compared to low grade glioma. We conclude that multi
b-value DWI is not a reliable technique to differentiate
between high and low grade glioma and DCE perfusion MRI
is still the best available technique to differentiate
as well as characterize the glial neoplasm.
|
3192. |
64 |
Raising diagnostic
accuracy in detection of brain metastasis: increasing field
strength vs gadolinium concentration
Eun Soo Kim1, and Seung-Koo Lee2
1Department of Radiology, Hallym University
College of Medicine, Pyeongchon, Pyeongchon, Korea, 2Department
of Radiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine,
Seoul, Seoul, Korea
Contrast enhanced MRI is known to be optimal for
detection of brain metastasis with high sensitivity and
specificity. In recent MR studies, double- or
triple-dose Gd-contrast administration was found to be
effective in accurate localization of metastasis without
any complications. Gadobutrol is the first commercially
available 1.0M Gd contrast. With its higher Gd
concentration in plasma, gadobutrol increases signal of
enhanced lesions and raised diagnostic rate in brain
tumors and metastasis. The purpose of this study was to
compare the diagnostic efficacy of 1.5T with double dose
1.0M gadobutrol in detection of brain metastasis
comparing with 3.0 T with double-dose 0.5M Gd-DTPA.
|
3193. |
65 |
Correlation Analysis of
MRI Features and Ki-67 Index in High-grade Meningioma with
Recurrence of Tumors
Tieqiao Du1, Mingwang Zhu2,
Xueling Qi3, and Dianjiang Zhao2
1Radiology, Beijing Sanbo Brain Hospital,
Beijing, Beijing, China, 2Radiology, 3Pathology
To observe correlation of MRI imaging features and Ki-67
index in high-grade meningioma with recurrence of
tumors.30 patients were performed MRI scanning and
detected Ki-67 index. There were 13 grade ¢ò and 17
grade ¢ó meningiomas. Logistic regression analysis
showed that recurrence risk of meningioma was increasing
with grade increasing, vital brain structure involved
and tumor size increasing. MRI play an important role in
preoperative prediction of the meningioma relapse. Ki-67
index can act as a predictor of the tumor recurrence.
The higher the grade of meningiomas is, the higher
recurrent rate and the shorter duration of recurrence
will be.
|
3194. |
66 |
Perifocal Apparent
Diffusion Coefficient in Gliomas
M. Vittoria Spampinato1, Ali Tabesh2,
Pritesh Topiwala3, Muhammad U Manzoor3,
Paul Morgan4, and Zoran Rumboldt2
1Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical
University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United
States, 2Medical
University of South Carolina, United States, 3Medical
University of South Carolina, 4University
of Nottingham
We assessed peritumoral water diffusivity on
pretreatment MRI in twenty-one gliomas (low-grade = 5;
high-grade =16). Eight VOIs were obtained in 3D ranges
away from the tumor VOI (including the tumor and
surrounding T2 prolongation) for a distance of 4 cm (5
mm incremental steps). Perifocal normalized mean ADC
values were significantly lower in high- than low-grade
gliomas 10-25 mm away from the tumor; normalized lowest
25th percentile were significantly lower in high- than
low-grade gliomas 10-30 mm away from the tumor.
Perifocal ADC measurement in gliomas may reflect the
magnitude of tumor infiltration beyond the abnormality
on conventional MRI.
|
3195. |
67 |
Classification of
Different Brain Tumor Grades Using Magnetic Resonance
Spectroscopy
Rajakumar Nagarajan1, Whitney B Pope1,
Robert Prins2, Noriko Salamon1,
Manoj K Sarma1, Linda Liau2, and
M.Albert Thomas1
1Radiological Sciences, University of
California Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, United
States, 2Neurosurgery,
University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), Los
Angeles, CA, United States
Proton (1H) MRS plays an important role in the diagnosis
of brain tumors. The ability to discriminate among major
types of primary brain tumors is critical in formulating
a precise and effective treatment plan. The role of MRS
in the clinical decision-making process is in
distinguishing different grades of brain tumors on the
basis of differences in metabolite ratios. We have
quantified major metabolites using MRS in tumor and
normal appearing brain and their values were compared
between various grades.
|
3196. |
68 |
Investigating the
relationship between the apparent diffusion coefficient and
extravascular extracellular volume fraction in patients with
vestibular schwannomas undergoing bevacizumab treatment
Ka-Loh Li1, Sha Zhao2, Amy Watkins1,
Xiaoping Zhu1, and Alan Jackson1
1Wolfson Molecular Imaging Centre, University
of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom, 2Imaging,
Genomics and Proteomics, University of Manchester,
Manchester, United Kingdom
Investigating the relationship between the apparent
diffusion coefficient (ADC) and the extravascular
extracellular volume (ve) from DCE-MRI will lead to
better understanding the two parameters as imaging
biomarkers for cancer treatment response. We compare the
two parameters for patients with vestibular schwannomas
over the course of bevacizumab treatment. A dual
injection DCE-MRI technique was employed. Pre-treatment
tumor median ADC and median ve values were well
correlated. This relationship was lost after treatment.
This study may provide useful information for ve and ADC
as imaging biomarkers for evaluation of cancer treatment
response in vestibular schwannomas over the course of
bevacizumab treatment.
|
3197. |
69 |
Differentiating
Calcification and Hemorrhage in Brain Tumors: Susceptibility
Weighted MR Imaging with Tissue Validation
Jatta Berberat1, Rainer Grobholz1,
Larissa Boxheimer1, Luca Remonda1,
and Ulrich Roelcke1
1Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland
MR based susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) can
sensitively detect blood products as well as for
calcification. This study aims to assess the value of MR
SWI for the detection and differentiation of
calcification and hemorrhage in oligodendroglioma and
glioblastoma multiforme tumours, based on a visual and
on a pixel value analysis. Phase shift analysis is a
promising method to demonstrate whether a lesion
contains calcium or blood. An SWI MRI could reduce the
patient’s radiation exposure by replacing computer
tomography. The voxel analysis supplements the visual
analysis in cases where there is uncertainty as to the
cause underlying a susceptibility difference in the SWI
image.
|
3198. |
70 |
Time-dependent cell
invasion, motility, and proliferation level estimate
(CIMPLE) map characteristics of malignant gliomas treated
with paclitaxel poliglumex (PPX)
Benjamin M Ellingson1, Jerrold L Boxerman2,
Suriya Jeyapalan3, Heinrich D Elinzano3,
Marc Goldman4, Thomas Dipetrillo5,
Howard Safran6, and Whitney B Pope1
1Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School
of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los
Angeles, CA, United States, 2Diagnostic
Imaging, Brown University and Rhode Island Hospital, 3Neurooncology,
Brown University and Rhode Island Hospital, 4Neurosurgery,
Brown University and Rhode Island Hospital, 5Radiation
Oncology, Brown University and Rhode Island Hospital, 6Hematology
& Oncology, Brown University and Rhode Island Hospital
Paclitaxel poliglumex (PPX) is a microtubule stabilizer
and mitotic inhibitor with a radiosensitization index of
4-8, and has been proposed as a radiosensitizing agent
for patients with high-grade gliomas undergoing
radiation therapy with the purpose of increasing acute
cytotoxicity and effectiveness of radiotherapy. The
purpose of the current study was to determine whether
time-dependent cell invasion, motility, and
proliferation level estimate (CIMPLE) maps derived from
serial diffusion MRI data could distinguish
pseudoprogression from recurrent tumor in a phase II
study of PPX added to standard IMRT and TMZ therapy for
newly diagnosed high-grade (WHO III-IV) gliomas.
|
3199. |
71 |
Genomic mapping and
survival prediction in glioblastoma: Role of tumor blood
volume versus molecular sub-classification - a TCGA Glioma
Phenotype Research Group project
Rajan Jain1, Laila Poisson2,
Jayant Narang2, David Gutman3,
Adam Flanders4, Carl Jaffe5, Brat
Daniel3, and Tom Mikkelsen2
1Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI,
United States, 2Henry
Ford Health System, 3Emory
University, 4Thomas
Jefferson University Hospital, 5Boston
University
The purpose of this study was to assess the utility of
tumor blood volume measured using DSC T2* MR perfusion
versus molecular sub-classification of glioblastoma for
patient survival prediction. Our results show that rCBV
measures do better than molecular mapping and
sub-classes in predicting survival in this group of
highly malignant and uniformly fatal tumors. Even though
genomic mapping helps in better understanding of the
molecular basis of tumor cell origin, aggressiveness and
heterogeneity of glioblastoma, still non-invasive
imaging biomarkers can be an important adjunct for
patient prognosis.
|
3200. |
72 |
Apparent Diffusion
Coefficient is Higher in EGFR+ versus EGFR- Anaplastic
Astrocytoma
Tracy Richmond McKnight1, Khadjia A. Lobo1,
and Anders Persson2
1Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Univ of
CA, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States, 2Neurology,
Univ of CA, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United
States
Overexpression of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR+)
in Grade 3 anaplastic astrocytoma (AA) is a biomarker of
poor prognosis. We compared pre-surgical diffusion
tensor imaging and multivoxel magnetic resonance
spectroscopy data from 10 patients with EGFR+ AA and 10
patients with EGFR- AA. The apparent diffusion
coefficient (ADC) was significantly higher and there was
a trend toward higher choline:creatine in the EGFR+ AA.
These results suggest that the ADC may be useful for
identifying AA patients that have a less favorable
prognosis, particularly in cases where the tumor is
inaccessible for surgical diagnostic biopsy.
|
|
|
Electronic
Poster Session - Neuro A |
|
Click on
to view
the abstract pdf and click on
to view the
video presentation. (Not all presentations are available.)
Monday 7 May 2012
Exhibition Hall |
16:30 - 17:30 |
|
|
|
Computer # |
|
3201. |
73 |
Radiation-Induced Early
Changes in the Brain and Behavior: Serial Diffusion Tensor
Imaging and Behavioral Evaluation after Graded Dose of
Radiation
Richa Trivedi1, Ahmad Raza Khan1,
Poonam Rana1, Seenu Haridas1, BS
Hemanth Kumar1, Kailash Manda1,
Ram KS Rathore2, Rajendra P Tripathi1,
and Subash Khushu1
1Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied
Sciences, Delhi, Delhi, India, 2Indian
Institute of Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
We performed serial quantitative DTI and behavioral
study in mice during early phase of moderate (3 Gy),
sub-lethal (5 Gy) and lethal (8 Gy) dose of gamma whole
body irradiation. With regards to dose effect, our
results showed that the higher radiation dose induce
earlier and more severe neurobehavioral changes in the
WM than the lower doses, and these differences could be
reflected by the magnitude of change in FA values to
some extent. This experimental model may be used to
assess the neurotoxic adverse effects of irradiation
treatment and to test the effectiveness of potential
neuro-protective therapies.
|
3202. |
74 |
Fractional Anisotropy
Assessment of Early-Stage Diabetic Nephropathy
Lan Lu1, John Sedor2,3, Jeffrey
Schelling2,3, Alicia O’Brien2,3,
Vikas Gulani1,4, Katherine M Dell2,5,
and Chris A Flask1,4
1Radiology, Case Western Reserve University,
Cleveland, OH, United States, 2CWRU
Center for the Study of Kidney Disease and Biology, Case
Western Reserve University, 3Medicine,
Metrohealth System Campus, 4Biomedical
Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 5Pediatrics,
Case Western Reserve University, and Rainbow Babies and
Children’s Hospital
Conbventional clinical indicators of kidney disease such
as serum creatinine and albuminuria lack the sensitivity
and specificity to identify early-stage diabetic
nephropathy (DN). In this study, kidney fractional
anisotropy (FA) assessments were obtained for groups of
early-stage (eGFR 60)
and late-stage (eGFR < 60) human subjects with diabetes
for comparison with non-diabetic controls. Despite no
differences in eGFR, significant differences in
medullary FA (P = 0.001) were observed between control
and early-stage diabetic kidneys. Further studies are
needed to determine if diffusion FA could identify
diabetics at risk for progression to clinically overt
DN.
|
3203. |
75 |
Blood thiamine levels
correlate with Mammillary body volume in acute and
acute-on-chronic liver failure patients of non-alcoholic
etiology
Abhishek Yadav1, Rakesh Kumar Gupta1,
Santosh Kumar Yadav1, Vivek Anand Saraswat2,
Murali Rangan2, Anshu Srivastava3,
Richa Trivedi4, Surendra Kumar Yachha5,
and Ram KS Rathore6
1Radiodiagnosis, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate
Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India, Lucknow,
Uttar Pradesh, India, 2Gastroenterology,
Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical
Sciences, Lucknow, India, Lucknow, Uttar pradesh, 3Paediatric
Gastroenterology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute
of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India, Lucknow, Uttar
Pradesh, India, 4Nuclear
Magnetic Resonance Research Centre, Institute of Nuclear
Medicine and Allied Sciences, NEW DELHI, NEW DELHI,
India, 5Paediatric
Gastroenterology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute
of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India, Lucknow, 6Mathematics
& Statistics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur
Mammillary body (MB) atrophy in alcoholic liver disease
usually indicates thiamine deficiency. The purpose of
this study was to explore the relationship among blood
thiamine, MBs, major fiber bundle FA, and volume changes
with DTT in patients with ALF and ACLF of nonalcoholic
etiology. In 7 ALF patients, follow-up study was done
after clinical recovery at 5 weeks. Blood thiamine, MBs
& fornix volume, and fornix fiber bundle FA were
significantly decreased as compared to controls. Blood
thiamine showed significant positive correlation with
MBs volume only. On follow-up study, ALF patients showed
significant reversibility only in blood thiamine level
and MBs volume. MBs volume changes are primarily a
consequence of thiamine deficiency, which may
secondarily result in microstructural changes in the
fornix. These observable changes are known to be
specific and may be reversible with restoration of blood
thiamine level. These imaging changes may be used as
imaging biomarker of thiamine deficiency in these
patients in future.
|
3204. |
76 |
Effects of ischemic stroke
on cerebral tissue microenvironment using diffusional
kurtosis imaging
Edward S. Hui1, Leonardo Bonilha2,
Ali Tabesh1, Jens H. Jensen1, and
Joseph A. Helpern1
1Dept of Radiology, Medical University of
South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United
States, 2Dept
of Neurology, Medical University of South Carolina,
Charleston, South Carolina, United States
Conventional diffusion MRI is very sensitive to ischemic
injury as compared to other imaging modalities. However,
the presence of cerebral spinal fluid may cause
overestimation of the diffusivity, particularly in gray
matter regions. It is therefore necessary to find an
alternative technique that is more sensitive and
specific to the microenvironment in neural tissues.
Diffusional kurtosis imaging which measures non-Gaussianity
of water diffusion is a potential candidate. Apparent
diffusional kurtosis measures tissue complexity due to
the presence of cell membranes and organelles. The goal
of this study was therefore to investigate diffusional
kurtosis change under acute/subacute ischemic stroke.
|
3205. |
77 |
Altered structural
connectivity in patients with medial temporal lobe epilepsy:
A Diffusion Spectrum Imaging and Graph Analysis study
Alia Lemkaddem1, Serge Vulliémoz2,
Alessandra Griffa1, Alessandro Daducci1,
Margitta Seeck2, and Jean-Philippe Thiran1,3
1Ecole Polythechnique Fédéral de Lausanne,
Signal Processing Laboratories (LTS5), Lausanne,
Switzerland, 2Epilepsy
Unit, Neurology clinic, University Hospitals and Faculty
of Medicine of Geneva, Switzerland, 3Department
of Radiology, University Hospital and University of
Lausanne, Switzerland
In this study we investigated the effect of medial
temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) on the global
characteristics of brain connectivity estimated by
topological measures. We used DSI (Diffusion Spectrum
Imaging) to construct a connectivity matrix where the
nodes represents the anatomical ROIs and the edges are
the connections between any pair of ROIs weighted by the
mean GFA/FA values. A significant difference was found
between the patient group vs control group in
characteristic path length(p=0.0221), clustering
coefficient(p=0.02473) and small-worldness(p=0.00076).
This suggests that the MTLE network is less efficient
compared to the network of the control group.
|
3206. |
78 |
A Preliminary Diffusional
Kurotsis Imaging Study of Temporal Lobe Epilepsy
Ali Tabesh1, Jens H. Jensen1,
Joseph A. Helpern1,2, Rachael L. Deardorff1,
Amanda C. Allen1, Jessica L. Barley2,
Jonathan C. Edwards2,3, and Leonardo Bonilha2,3
1Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical
University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United
States, 2Neurosciences,
Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC,
United States, 3Comprehensive
Epilepsy Center, Medical University of South Carolina,
Charleston, SC, United States
Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) has shown extensive
microstructural deficits in patients with medial
temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE). Diffusional kurtosis
imaging (DKI) extends DTI by enabling the quantification
of non-Gaussian diffusion. This study aimed to assess
the non-Gaussian diffusion signature of MTLE as measured
with DKI. DKI scans were acquired from ten patients with
left MTLE and twenty matched healthy volunteers and were
submitted to voxelwise analyses. The results suggest
that DKI measures showed appreciably more widespread
limbic and extra-limbic system abnormalities than DTI
metrics. The additional information provided by DKI may
improve the clinical assessment of brain pathology in
MTLE.
|
3207. |
79 |
Assessment of motor
impairment in acute/subacute stroke patients with
diffusional kurtosis metrics
Edward S. Hui1, Wuwei Wayne Feng2,
Ali Tabesh1, Leonardo Bonilha3,
Jens H. Jensen1, and Joseph A. Helpern1
1Dept of Radiology, Medical University of
South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United
States, 2Dept
of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina,
Charleston, South Carolina, United States, 3Dept
of Neurology, Medical University of South Carolina,
Charleston, South Carolina, United States
Motor function impairment is a major complication
following stroke, and a robust biomarker for predicting
patient recovery of motor function could benefit
clinicians’ decision making on rehabilitation planning.
In this study, diffusional kurtosis imaging is
investigated as a potential technique for improved
assessment of stroke patients. For 10 subjects with
acute/subacute ischemic stroke, a strong negative
correlation (r = -0.89, p = 0.001) was found between the
axial kurtosis in the corticospinal tract and clinical
motor functioning assessment test scores.
|
3208. |
80 |
Quantitation of Diffusion
Indices in CMS rat model of depression – A DTI approach.
B. S. Hemanth Kumar1, Richa Trivedi1,
Sushanta Kumar Mishra1, Sadhana Singh1,
Rajendra P Tripathi1, and Subash Khushu1
1NMR Research Centre, Institute of Nuclear
Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS), Newdelhi, Newdelhi,
India
Chronic Mild Stress (CMS) seems to be a valuable model
of depression, based on its resemblance with several
human depressive symptoms. CMS model was developed and
validated using behavioural studies. DTI data was
acquired and FA and MD values were calculated by drawing
ROI’s on respective regions to look for any changes in
the MD and FA values during the onset of depression. The
microstructural changes observed in different brain
regions were documented. To conclude the changes in FA
and the MD values obtained reveals that there might be
some structral abnormalities taking place in microlevel
during the onset of depression.
|
3209. |
81 |
Neuronal degeneration in
Parkinsonism: A DTI study
Senthil S Kumaran1, Mohit Saxena2,
Vinay Goyal2, and Madhuri Behari2
1Department of N.M.R., All India Institute of
Medical Sciences, New Delhi, Delhi, India, 2Department
of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences,
New Delhi, Delhi, India
Parkinsonism offers difficulty in early diagnosis among
Parkinson’s disease (PD), Multiple System Atrophy (MSA)
and Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP). Degeneration
of basal ganglia and extra pyramidal regions of the
midbrain has been observed in Parkinson’s disease (PD),
multiple system atrophy (MSA) and progressive
supranuclear Palsy (PSP) using diffusivity (ADC) and
fractional anisotropy of water diffusion in tissue (FA
value).
|
3210. |
82 |
Analysis of ADC Change
During Cardiac Cycle in Idiopathic Normal Pressure
Hydrocephalus: Change In Tap Test
Akihiro Asano1, Toshiaki Miyati1,
Naoki Ohno2, Kan Hirohito3,
Mitsuhito Mase4, Tomoshi Osawa5,
Harumasa Kasai3, Nobuyuki Arai3,
Masaki Hara3, and Yuuta Shibamoto3
1Department of Health Science, Graduate
School of Medical Science, kanazawa university,
Kanazawa, Japan, 2Department
of Radiological Technology, kanazawa university
Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan, 3Department
of Radiology, Nagoya City University Hospital, Nagoya,
Japan, 4Department
of Neurosurgery and Restorative Neuroscience, Graduate
School of Medical Sciencces, Nagoya City University,
Nagoya, 5Department
of Neurosurgery and Restorative Neuroscience, Graduate
School of Medical Sciencces, Nagoya City University,
Nagoya, Japan
We have reported that the apparent diffusion coefficient
(ADC) obtained from diffusion MRI in the cerebral white
matter significantly changed during the cardiac cycle,
and this change (delta-ADC) assisted in the diagnosis of
idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (INPH). While a
cerebrospinal fluid tap test is one of the useful
methods for the diagnosis of INPH. The aim of this study
was to assess how much change in the delta-ADC of the
brain in INPH before and after the tap test. Delta-ADC
analysis makes it possible to noninvasively provide
information of change in the intracranial condition
after the tap test.
|
3211. |
83 |
Quantitative Diffusion
Weighted Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy of glioma and
metastatic tumor in human brain in vivo
Dandan Zheng1, Zhenghua Liu2, Jing
Fang1, Xiaoying Wang2, and Jue
Zhang1
1Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary
Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China, 2Dept.
of Radiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing,
China
Previous studies showed that DW-MRS offers excellent
tools to specifically measure the intracellular response
to tumor. The purpose of this study is using DW-MRS to
investigate the pathological related changes in apparent
diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of metabolites in
glioma and metastatic tumor in vivo. The results
demonstrate that the ADC values of the cerebral
metabolites significantly increase in the metastatic
tumor compared to the age matched healthy controls.
Also, increase of Cho and Cr was detected in the glioma
compared to the opposite unaffected region.
|
3212. |
84 |
The Changes of FLAIR and
DTI Images of the Brain and Upper Spinal Cord in Rabid Dogs:
Voxel-wise Group Comparisons
Jiraporn Laothamatas1, Witaya Sungkarat1,
Boonlert Lumlertdacha2, Supaporn
Wacharapluesadee3, and Thiravat Hemachudha4
1Advanced Diagnostic Imaging and Image-Guided
Minimal Invasive Therapy Center and Radiology Dept.,
Ramathibodi Hospital Faculty of Medicine, Mahidol
University, Rajataewe, Bangkok, Thailand, 2Queen
Saovabha Memorial Institute, Thai Red Cross Society,
Bangkok, Thailand, 3WHO
Collaborating Center for Research and Training on Viral
Zoonoses, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University,
Bangkok, Thailand, 4Department
of Medicine and WHO Collaborating Center for Research
and Training on Viral Zoonoses, Faculty of Medicine,
Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
Only subtle abnormalities is demonstrated in early
rabies encephalitis, more sensitive imaging technique;
probabilistic DTI maps with voxel-based group analysis
were used to study the brain and spinal cord of normal,
early encephalitic and paralytic dogs. It is more
sensitive in detecting, localizing and demonstrating
severity of the abnormalities. Details of
cytoarchitecture change of the studied areas such as BBB
status, integrity of the WM and the present of cytotoxic
edema VS vasogenic edema can be evaluated. It should be
use in patients presenting with clinically suspected
encephalitis for early detection and accurate
localization of the disease for patient management.
|
3213. |
85 |
Study of Serial DTT, Brain
Morphometry, Clinical, Serum Cytokines, Cognition changes in
Children with Acute Liver Failure
Abhishek Yadav1, Anshu Srivastava2,
Santosh Kumar Yadav1, Vibhore V Borkar3,
Surendra Kumar Yachha3, and Rakesh Kumar
Gupta1
1Radiodiagnosis, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate
Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India, Lucknow,
Uttar Pradesh, India, 2Paediatric
Gastroenterology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute
of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India, Lucknow, Uttar
Pradesh, India, 3Paediatric
Gastroenterology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute
of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India, Lucknow
This prospective serial study was done to look for
reversibility of changes in MRI, MRS, proinflammatory
cytokines, thiamine, and neurocognitive functions in
these children over time. 11 ALF patients and 8 healthy
controls were evaluated. TNF-α, IL-6 and Glx were
significantly higher while thiamine, MD and MB volume
were significantly lower than the controls. ALF subjects
performed poorly in 8 of the 9 and improved in all the
administered tests as compared to that in first follow
up. In conclusion, the recovery in ALF is prolonged and
goes well beyond the apparent recovery in HE. CE and
brain glutamine recover first, followed by normalization
of neuropsychological tests and liver functions. The
brain choline and MBs take a longer time to normalize
than the glutamine and CE.
|
3214. |
86 |
Differential Effects of
Fractionated and Single Radiation Dose on Diffusion Tensor
Imaging in Mice Brain
Mamta Gupta1, Richa Trivedi1,
Poonam Rana1, Ahmad Raza Khan1,
Rajendra P Tripathi1, and Subash Khushu1
1Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied
Sciences, Delhi, Delhi, India
Longitudinal diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) study was
performed at baseline, day 1, day 3, and day 5 after
fractionated and single 8gy cranial irradiation of mice
brain. A subsequent decrease in FA values were observed
at both day3 and day5 in hippocampus in fractionated 8
gy irradiation group, whereas in single 8y irradiation
in addition to hippocampus change in DTI measures were
also observed in caudate-putamen and corpus callosum
regions. Our results demonstrate radiation induced
microstructural changes in brain parenchyma even in case
of fractionated dose during acute phase even before
conventional MRI.
|
3215. |
87 |
Microstructural network
damage in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy
Michael Deppe 1, Simon S Keller 1,
Jan-Christoph Schöne-Bake 2, Siawoosh
Mohammadi 3, and Bernd Weber 2
1Neurology, University of Münster, Münster,
Germany, 2Klinik
und Poliklinik fuer Epileptologie und Life & Brain
Center, Universitaetsklinikum Bonn, Bonn,3Institute
of Neurology, Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging,
London, United Kingdom
|
3216. |
88 |
White Matter Lesion Effect
on Tract-Based Spatial Statistics for Alzheimer’s Patients
and Healthy Controls
Daniel Han-en Chang1, Huali Wang2,3,
and Min-Ying Su1
1Tu & Yuen Center for Functional
Onco-Imaging, Department of Radiological Sciences,
University of California, Irvine, CA, United States, 2Dementia
Care and Research Center, Peking University Institute of
Mental Health, Beijing, China, 3Key
Laboratory for Mental Health, Ministry of Health (Peking
University), Beijing, China
White matter lesions represent microvascular ischemic
changes that are often indicative of tissue dysfunction.
As DTI is sensitive to microstructural changes, it is
possible that the presence of WML may have an effect on
FA and MD values. Using tract-based-spatial-statistics,
a robust method for comparing diffusivity maps between
different groups of subjects, we compared the FA values
in a pair-wise fashion among four groups of subjects:
Alzheimer’s (AD) subjects with WML, AD subjects without
WML, normal control (NC) subjects with WML, and NC
subjects without WML. In our analyses, only AD subjects
without WML were found to have significantly decreased
FA when compared to NC subjects with WML and NC subjects
without WML.
|
3217. |
89 |
Structural Connectivity of
Military-related Traumatic Brain Injury and its Relations
with Neurocognition
Ping-Hong Yeh1, Binquan Wang1,
Terrence R. Oakes2, John Graner2,
Hai Pan1, Wei Liu1, Louis French3,
Fletcher Munter4, and Gerard Riedy2,5
1Henry Jackson Foundation for the Advancement
of Military Medicine, Rockville, MD, United States, 2National
Intrepid Center of Excellence, Bethesda, MD, United
States, 3Defense
and Veterans Brain Injury Center, Walter Reed Army
Medical Center, Washington, D.C., United States, 4National
Capital Neuroimaging Consortium, Walter Reed Army
Medical Center, Washington, D.C., United States, 5Radiology,
Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine (CNRM),
Bethesda, MD, United States
Detecting white matter changes of traumatic brain injury
(TBI) and understanding their effects on
neuropsychological consequence is important in treating
brain trauma. We evaluated the structural connectivity
in traumatic axonal injury using diffusion tensor
tractography, and examined the association between the
measures and neuropsychological function in military TBI
patients.
|
3218. |
90 |
A Longitudinal Study of
Thalamic and White Matter Damage in Mild Traumatic Brain
Injury Using Diffusional Kurtosis Imaging and Arterial Spin
Labeling
Elan J. Grossman1,2, Jens H. Jensen3,
Matilde Inglese4, James S. Babb1,
Ali Tabesh3, Els Fieremans1, Ding
Xia1, Kelly A. McGorty1, Joseph
Reaume1, Qun Chen1, and Robert I.
Grossman1
1Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of
Radiology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, New York,
United States, 2Department
of Physiology and Neuroscience, NYU School of Medicine,
New York, New York, United States, 3Department
of Radiology, Medical University of South Carolina,
Charleston, South Carolina, United States, 4Department
of Neurology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York,
New York, United States
Mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI) is difficult to
assess because conventional imaging cannot account for
damage associated with cognitive impairment in this
condition. In this study a longitudinal investigation
was conducted of structural and physiological changes in
thalamus and white matter (WM) regions of MTBI patients
using DKI, which measures non-Gaussian diffusion, and
ASL, which measures perfusion, to ascertain if they can
predict outcome. Changes were detected by both metrics
in thalamus and WM lasting more than one year. Thalamic
perfusion was also partly correlated to changes in WM.
DKI and ASL might be prognostic markers for persistent
post-concussive syndrome.
|
3219. |
91 |
In vivo Ultra-High
Resolution Diffusion Tensor Imaging of the Microscopic
Pathways of the Medial Temporal Lobe
Michael Zeineh1, Samantha Holdsworth1,
Stefan Skare2, Anh Van1, Scott
Atlas1, and Roland Bammer1
1Radiology, Stanford, Stanford, CA, United
States, 2Dept
of Neuroradiology, R3:00, Karolinska Hospital,
Stockholm, Sweden
Abnormal neuronal connectivity may be important in
disease states involving the medial temporal lobes (MTL),
including Alzheimer’s and epilepsy. Conventional DTI
provides an inadequate depiction of the complex
microanatomy in the MTL because of a typically employed
low isotropic resolution of 2.0-2.5mm, a low
signal-to-noise ratio, and echo-planar imaging geometric
distortions. In this study, we push the resolving power
of DTI to near-mm isotropic voxel size through optimized
diffusion weighted imaging at 3.0T. Utilizing a detailed
segmentation of the MTL, we can identify tracks in all
subjects that may represent the major pathways of the
MTL, including the perforant pathway.
|
3220. |
92 |
Microstructural
Development of the Corticospinal Tract in Neonates with
Transposition of the Great Arteries Investigated with DTI
Before and After Cardiopulmonary Bypass Surgery.
Malek Makki1, Rabia Liamlahi2,
Hitendu Dave3, Klaudija Batinic2,
Walter Knirsch2, Vera Bernet4,
Ianina Scheer5, Cornelia Hagmann6,
and Bea Latal7
1MRI Research, University Children Hospital,
Zurich, Switzerland, 2Cardiology,
University Children Hospital Zurich, 3Congenital
Cardiovascular Surgery, University Children Hospital
Zurich, 4Pediatric
Intensive Care, University Children Hospital Zurich, 5Diagnostic
Imaging, University Children Hispital Zurich,6Neonatalogy,
University Hospital Zurich, 7Child
Development, University Children Hospital Zurich
The cortico-spinal tract (CST) of 15 neonates with TGA
who had pre and post surgucal DTI was compared to 10 age
matched healthy controls. Hemispheric analysis of the
CST was performed at 4 levels: superior corona-radiata
CR, posterior limb of internal capsule PLIC, cerebral
peduncle CP, and medullar CST). Bilateral decreases of
FA were seen in the CR and the M-CST of the
post-surgical group compared to healthy controls and
pre-surgical group originated by significant increases
in perpendicular diffusion. We also reported asymmetric
development of the CP in the post compared to pre
surgery groups
|
3221. |
93 |
The clinical application
of 3T PROPELLER DUO MRI quantitative analysis of extraocular
muscle in Graves¡¯ophthalmopathy
Ketao Mu1, Jing Zhang1, He Wang2,
Jianpin Qi1, and Wenzhen Zhu1
1Radiology, Tongji Hospital,Tongji Medical
College£¬Huazhong University of Science & Technology,
Wuhan, Hubei, China, 2Applied
Science Lab, GE Healthcare, Shanghai, China
Our objective was to prospectively investigate
extraocular muscle in patients with GO utilizing 3T
PROPELLER DUO MRI and determine whether apparent
diffusion coefficients(ADC)parameters correlate with
disease severity.We finally come to the conclution that
PROPELLER DUO MRI has been shown to helpful to diagnose
intraorbit disease, measuring ADC values can further
increase confidence of its detection. A significant
positive correlation between maxADC and disease severity
was observed.We can judge patients whether in active
phase or not by measuring the ADC values of extraocular
muscle, to guide clinical treatment and predict the
responsiveness to immunosuppressive therapy.
|
3222. |
94 |
Network of spatial
attention: diffusion tensor imaging study of left
hemispatial neglect
Takaaki Hattori 1, Ryo Sato 2,
Shigeki Aoki 3,4, and Sumio Ishiai 5
1Department of@Neurology, Kanto Central
Hospital, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan, 2Department
of Radiological Sciences, Graduate School of Human
Health Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Arakawa-ku,
Tokyo, Japan, 3Department
of Radiology, School of Medicine, Juntendo University,
Tokyo, Japan,4Department of Radiology,
Juntedo Univerisity, Tokyo, Japan, 5Department
of Rehabilitation Medicine, Sapporo Medical University,
Sapporo, Japan
|
3223. |
95 |
Hybrid Diffusion Imaging (HYDI)
of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury (MTBI)
Yu-Chien Wu1, and Thomas W McAllister2
1Dartmouth Brain Imaging Center, Dartmouth
College, Hanover, NH, United States, 2Psychiatry,
Dartmouth Medical School, United States
HYDI was used to estimate diffusion measures in
individuals with MTBI (one month and one year after
injury), and age and gender matched healthy controls.
Both PDF and DTI measures, including Po, MSD, FA, MD, Da,
and Dr, were assessed in whole brain white matter, as
well as the genu, splenium and body of the corpus
callosum. Histograms of Po in genu and splenium of the
corpus callosum showed the greatest separation between
MTBI and control subjects. Histograms of FA and other
diffusion measures showed little or no difference.
Little change in PDF and DTI measures was observed over
time.
|
3224. |
96 |
Water amount independent
analysis of fluctuated water molecules in idiopathic normal
pressure hydrocephalus
Naoki Ohno1,2, Tosiaki Miyati2,
Mitsuhito Mase3, Tomoshi Osawa3,
Harumasa Kasai4, Hirohito Kan4,
Masaki Hara4, Yuta Shibamoto4,
Akihiro Kitanaka2, Akihiro Asano2,
Takashi Hamaguchi1, Hiroji Iida1,
Toshifumi Gabata5, and Osamu Matsui5
1Department of Radiological Technology,
Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan, 2Division
of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science,
Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan, 3Department
of Neurosurgery and Restorative Neuroscience, Graduate
School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University,
Nagoya, Japan, 4Department
of Radiology, Nagoya City University Hospital, Nagoya,
Japan, 5Department
of Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Science,
Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
We assessed normalized ĢADC in white matter in patients
with idiopathic normal-pressure hydrocephalus (INPH),
atrophic ventricular dilation, and in healthy volunteers
to determine the degree of fluctuation of water
molecules independently of the water amount. Normalized
ĢADC in INPH were significantly higher than those in
the control and atrophic ventricular dilation groups.
Water amount independent analysis may render it possible
to noninvasively obtain more detailed information than
that provided by standard ADC measurement in suspected
INPH, potentially facilitating the diagnosis of this
disease.
|
|
|
Electronic
Poster Session - Neuro A |
|
High Resolution Brain Anatomy & Morphometry
Click on
to view
the abstract pdf and click on
to view the
video presentation. (Not all presentations are available.)
Monday 7 May 2012
Exhibition Hall |
17:30 - 18:30 |
|
|
|
Computer # |
|
3225. |
73 |
Quantitative 7T Phase
Imaging in Presymptomatic Huntington’s Disease
A. C. Apple1, J. M. Lupo1, A.
Jakary1, K. Wong2, D. A. C. Kelley3,
G. Kang2, M. Geschwind2, S. J.
Nelson1, and Christopher Hess4
1Department of Radiology and Biomedical
Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San
Francisco, CA, United States, 2Department
of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco,
San Francisco, CA, United States, 3GE
Healthcare, Global Applied Sciences Labroratory, 4Radiology
and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San
Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
This work analyzed the local field shift representing
iron content in Huntington's disease (HD) patients and
controls. This work suggests that local field shift may
be a useful biomarker for early stage HD and an
indication of the role of iron in the pathogeneisis of
HD.
|
3226. |
74 |
Quantification of Cortical
Thickness and Cortical Surface Area Abnormalities in
Patients Affected by Migraine
Roberta Messina1, Maria A. Rocca1,
Paola Valsasina1, Bruno Colombo2,
Andrea Falini3, Giancarlo Comi2,
and Massimo Filippi1
1Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of
Experimental Neurology, San Raffaele Scientific
Institute and Vita-Salute San Raffaele University,
Milan, Italy, Italy, 2Department
of Neurology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute and
Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy,
Italy, 3Department
of Neuroradiology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute and
Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy, Italy
Aim of this study was to quantify abnormalities of
cortical thickness (CT) and cortical surface area (CSA)
in patients suffering from migraine with different
clinical and radiological characteristics. Between-group
comparisons and correlations of CT/CSA with clinical and
radiological characteristics were performed using a
vertex-by-vertex analysis with FreeSurfer. Migraineurs
experienced distributed CT and CSA abnormalities, which
differed according to patients’ characteristics. CSA was
significantly correlated with clinical variables. In
conclusion, abnormalities of CT and CSA occur in
patients with migraine.
|
3227. |
75 |
HIV/HCV co-infection and
HCV mono-infection are associated with subcortical and
cortical atrophy
Manoj Kumar Sarma1, April Thames2,
Rajakumar Nagarajan1, Sarabeth Lawrence3,
Natalie Arbid3, M. Albert Thomas1,
and Charles H Hinkin2,3
1Radiological Sciences, UCLA School of
Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 2Psychiatry,
UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 3VA
Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Service, Los Angeles, CA,
United States
Co-infection with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
and Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a significant problem
with both having similar routes of transmission. The
current study sought to investigate cortical thickness
and subcortical structure volume across a group of HCV/HIV
co-infected, HCV mono-infected and healthy adults
employing an automated method for regional parcellation
that uses curvature landmarks and gray matter (GM)/white
matter (WM) surface boundary information. Sixteen HCV
mono-infected and 11 HCV/HIV co-infected patients
patients were compared to 15 healthy controls. We
observed widespread brain regions with cortical thinning
in HCV/HIV co-infected and HCV mono-infected adults
relative to healthy controls. We also found subcortical
GM volume changes between healthy control and HCV/HIV
co-infected, HCV mono-infected adults, suggesting that
subcortical structures may be highly sensitive to the
neuropathological changes associated with HCV.
|
3228. |
76 |
Corpus Collosum Shape
Analysis on Premature Neonates - A Surface mTBM Study
Yalin Wang1, Ashok Panigrahy2,3,
Jie Shi1, Rafael Ceschin2, Zhi Nie1,
Marvin D. Nelson3, and Natasha Lepore3
1Computer Science and Engineering, Arizona
State University, Tempe, Arizona, United States, 2Radiology,
Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh,
Pennsylvania, United States, 3Radiology,
University of Southern California and Children's
Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United
States
Using brain structural magnetic resonance images, we
have designed a pipeline for group comparisons of the
anatomy of subcortical structures in neonates. Our
analysis is applied here to statistically compare the
corpus callosum in premature neonates vs. term born
controls.
|
3229. |
77 |
Comparing two atlas-based
automatic segmentation methods for subthalamic nucleus deep
brain stimulation
Y. Xiao1, L. Bailey1, M. Mallar
Chakravarty2, S. Beriault1, A. F.
Sadikot3, G. Bruce Pike1, and D.
Louis Collins1
1McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montréal
Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal,
Québec, Canada, 2Kimel
Family Translational Imaging-Genetic Laboratory,
Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction, Toronto,
Canada, 3Division
of Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
Accurate automated segmentation of the subthalamic
nucleus (STN) and its surrounding structures can help
improve planning for deep brain stimulation procedures
when treating Parkinson’s disease. Two atlas-based
automatic segmentation methods, one with histologically
defined atlas, and the other with in vivo
T2w-image-defined atlas, were compared for the
segmentation of the STN, red nucleus, and substantia
nigra, by using the manual segmentation on the consensus
of T2*w image and R2* map acquired on a 3T scanner as
the ground truth. Although they both provided acceptable
results, the in vivo T2w-image-defined atlas performed
better on average.
|
3230. |
78 |
Phase unwrapping using
recursive orthogonal referring (PUROR) for susceptibility
mapping at 7T
Junmin Liu1, David A Rudko1,2,
Joseph S Gati1, Ravi S Menon1,2,
and Maria Drangova1,2
1Imaging Research Laboratories, Robarts
research Institution, The University of Western Ontario,
London, Ontario, Canada, 2Department
of Medical Biophysics, The University of Western
Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
We present a new phase unwrapping algorithm, which uses
an orthogonal recursive approach (PUROR) to remove
streaks that result following conventional 2D phase
unwrapping. The performance of the proposed technique is
evaluated with a set of volunteer brain images acquired
at 7 T, and the results are compared with those
unwrapped using the PhiUN and PRELUDE algorithms. The
PUROR algorithm is shown to represent a robust and rapid
(less than 1 s per slice) phase unwrapping approach for
application in high-field and high-resolution
susceptibility mapping and offers improved phase
unwrapping at the brain/cortex edge.
|
3231. |
79 |
The Effect of Spatial
Resolution on Structural Connectome Analysis
Arnaud Guidon1,2, Anastasyia Batrachenko2,3,
Alexandru Vlad Avram4, and Allen W Song2
1Biomedical Engineering, Duke University,
Durham, NC, United States, 2Brain
Imaging and Analysis Center, Duke University, Durham,
NC, United States,3Medical Physics, Duke
University, Durham, NC, United States, 4National
Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
Structural connectivity studies permit a comprehensive
investigation of white matter fiber networks in the
human brain and as such hold promising potential for the
advancement of our understanding of healthy and
pathological cortical development. However, the truthful
depiction of the structural connectome relies heavily on
the quality and completeness of the diffusion tensor
acquisition. In this work, we compare connectomes
acquired respectively with voxel sizes of 3x3x3mm3,
2x2x2mm3 and
1x1x1mm3 and
show that the derived connectivity metrics benefit
greatly from increased spatial resolution.
|
3232. |
80 |
Cortical Thicknesses
Determination from High Resolution MPRAGE and MP2RAGE Data
at 7 T
Shan Yang1, Astrid Wollrab1, Falk
Lüsebrink1, Meng Li2, Martin
Walter2, and Oliver Speck1
1Biomedical Magnetic Resonance,
Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Sachsen-Anhalt,
Germany, 2Clinical
Affective Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of
Psychiatry, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg,
Sachsen-Anhalt, Germany
Computer-based brain morphometry is widely used in
neurological and psychiatric diseases studies, such as
depression, Alzheimer’s disease and autism. 7 T MRI
allows for higher resolution, but suffers strongly from
B1 inhomogeneities. Recently, two methods, MPRAGE image
division by GE image and MP2RAGE, have been proposed to
remove such inhomogeneities. In this work, we calculate
the cortical thickness estimation from high resolution
MPRAGE and MP2RAGE MRI and compare different tissue
segmentation tools.
|
3233. |
81 |
High-Resolution Murine
Brain Imaging at 15.2 Tesla
Tim Wokrina1, Michael Gottschalk1,
Sarah R. Herrmann1, Marco Sacher2,
Thomas Fitze2, and Daniel Marek2
1Bruker BioSpin MRI GmbH, Ettlingen, Germany, 2Bruker
BioSpin AG, Fällanden, Switzerland
Cryogenic RF coils have now been become available for
ultra-high magnetic field strength systems. This study
probes the limits of high-resolution in
vivomurine brain gradient and spin echo imaging
within <30 minutes scan time on a 15.2 T / 11 cm bore
scanner equipped with a cryogenic quadrature
transmit/receive RF coil. As a result, micro-imaging
with resolutions reaching down to the cellular level
becomes feasible. This may open up new possibilities for
research on e.g. stem cells, myelination alterations or
defects in neurodegenerative brain diseases such as
Alzheimer’s or multiple sclerosis, and vascularization
during tumor growth.
|
3234. |
82 |
Validation of T1-weighted
inter-subject MRI registration technique for atlas warping
in identifying the subthalamic nucleus, red nucleus, and
substantia nigra
Y. Xiao1, L. Bailey1, S. Beriault1,
A. F. Sadikot2, G. Bruce Pike1,
and D. Louis Collins1
1McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montréal
Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal,
Québec, Canada, 2Division
of Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
Non-rigid inter-subject T1w MRI registration for
atlas-warping to identify the precise geometries of the
subthalamic nucleus, red nucleus, and substantia nigra
has not yet been validated in the context of deep brain
surgery planning. A T2w-image-defined atlas of the
Colin27 dataset was warped to 6 subjects’ anatomies to
segment surgical targets. The automatically identified
regions were compared to their geometries (size and
position) visible in the 3T T2*w image and R2* map.
Results demonstrate that T1w-T1w registration alone is
not sufficient, and improvement of atlas-warping may be
achieved by integrating multiple-contrasts (i.e. T2w*
image).
|
3235. |
83 |
Assessment of atlas
warping of small basal ganglia on Colin27
Lara Bailey1, Yiming Xiao1, Mallar
M Chakravarty2, Abbas F. Sadikot3,
and D. Louis Collins1
1McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal
Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC,
Canada, 2Kimel
Family Translational Imaging-Genetics Laboratory,
Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental
Health, Toronto, Canada, 3Division
of Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill
University, Montreal, Canada
Localization of basal ganglia (BG) is necessary for deep
brain stimulation, but is difficult to achieve with
clinical MRI. A method for warping a histological atlas
to a T1w target contrast was previously validated for
larger BG structures, but not smaller structures only
visible on T2w contrasts. Here, we manually labelled T2w
Colin12 and compared it with the atlas segmentation.
Overall, there was agreement between the labels, yet the
accuracy is not sufficient to delineate borders of the
subthalamic nucleus, substantia nigra, and red nucleus.
In the future, we will improve registration of these
structures by including a T2w contrast.
|
3236. |
84 |
Musical Cues During Motor
Dexterity Training Influence Structural Brain Plasticity in
Healthy Subjects
Gianna Riccitelli1, Maria A. Rocca1,
Letizia Panicari1, Maria Chiara Di Fabio1,
Elisa Gobbetti1, Roberto Gatti2,
Paola Valsasina1, Andrea Falini3,
Giancarlo Comi4, and Massimo Filippi1
1Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of
Experimental Neurology, San Raffaele Scientific
Institute and Vita-Salute San Raffaele University,
Milan, Italy, Italy, 2Unit
of Functional Recovery, San Raffaele Scientific
Institute and Vita-Salute San Raffaele University,
Milan, Italy, Italy, 3Department
of Neuroradiology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute and
Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy,
Italy, 4Department
of Neurology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute and
Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy, Italy
We investigated in 45 healthy subjects (HC), the
structural changes of the gray matter (GM) and white
matter (WM) associated with manual dexterity training,
with and without musical cue. All subjects underwent
magnetic resonance imaging at baseline and after 2
weeks. Diffusivity parameters in the WM skeleton did not
change after training, while a musical stimulation
during motor training improved motor performance and
influenced structural plasticity of the GM. The
complexity of the task was associated with more
pronounced changes of GM structure.
|
3237. |
85 |
Early neuroanatomical
development of the mouse brain characterized by diffusion
tensor microimaging
Manisha Aggarwal1, Susumu Mori1,
and Jiangyang Zhang1
1Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology
and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University
School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) can reveal superior
contrasts than relaxation-based MRI in premyelinated
developing mouse brains. In order to image the evolving
embryonic mouse neuroanatomy at miniature spatial
scales, high spatial resolution is necessary. In this
study, three dimensional diffusion tensor microimaging (DTMI)
of the developing mouse brain from embryonic to neonatal
stages at an isotropic resolution of 50 m
is presented. At this resolution, very fine anatomical
details in the embryonic brains could be resolved to
allow visualization of the evolving neuroanatomy, and
three dimensional growth trajectories of early
developing white matter tracts could be delineated,
which are difficult to resolve at lower resolutions.
|
3238. |
86 |
High-resolution phase
imaging reveals intra-cortical structure of the human
cingulate cortex at 7T
Andreas Schäfer1, Robert Trampel1,
Pierre-Louis Bazin1, and Robert Turner1
1Max-Planck-Institute for Human Cognitive and
Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
The cingulate gyrus is a long medial structure within
each cerebral hemisphere, extending in humans about half
the total length of the brain in the anterior-posterior
direction. Its cortex is micro-structurally and
functionally heterogeneous and makes its
characterisation somewhat challenging. We acquired
high-resolution FLASH images (300x300x400 um) to
visualise intra-cortical layer structure within the
human cingulate gyrus. The intra-cortical stripe in the
cingulate gyrus could not always be detected in their
magnitude images, but was clearly observable in the
phase images in eight out of nine subjects.
|
3239. |
87 |
Parallel-Transmission-Enabled T1-Weighted Human Brain
Imaging for Robust Volumetric and Morphologic Studies at 7T
M.A. Cloos1,2, A. Amadon1, N.
Boulant1, M. Luong2, G. Ferrand2,
E. Giacomini1, M-F. Hang1, C.J.
Wiggins1, and D. Le Bihan1
1CEA, DSV, I2BM, Neurospin, LRMN,
Gif-Sur-Yvette, Ile de france, France, 2CEA,
DSM, IRFU, Gif-Sur-Yvette, Ile de france, France
One of the promises of Ultra High Field MRI scanners is
to bring finer spatial resolutions due to an increased
signal to noise ratio. However, the spatial
non-uniformity of the Radio Frequency transmit profile
challenges the applicability of most MRI sequences,
where the signal and contrast levels strongly depend on
the flip angle homogeneity. In particular, the MP-RAGE
sequence, one of the most commonly employed 3D sequences
to obtain T1-weighted anatomical images for brain
morphology studies, is highly sensitive to these spatial
variations. In this work, we evaluate the potential of
parallel-transmission to obtain high-quality
highly-resolved MP-RAGE images of the human brain at 7
Tesla.
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88 |
High resolution in-vivo
brain frequency shift and susceptibility imaging at 3T
Wei Li1, Bing Wu1, and Chunlei Liu1,2
1Brain Imaging & Analysis Center, Duke
University, Durham, North Carolina, United States, 2Radiology,
Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States
Frequency shift and susceptibility images from gradient
echo MRI have unique advantages of high contrast and
signal-noise-ratio. They two complement each other and
provide a promising combination for high resolution
brain imaging. In this study, we demonstrated the high
resolution frequency shift and susceptibility imaging
with excellent SNR at 3T, using optimized image
acquisition and post processing methods. The resulting
frequency shift and susceptibility images show excellent
delineation of deep brain nuclei, the hippocampus and
cerebellar nuclei with excellent anatomical details.
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89 |
Cortical layers one by
one: diffusion properties at 160μm resolution
Ana-Maria Oros-Peusquens1, Alard Roebroeck2,
Daniel Brenner1, Klaus Moellenhoff1,2,
Avdo Celik1, Joerg Felder1,
Andreas Matusch1, Ralf A.W. Galuske3,
Hansjuergen Bratzke4, and N. Jon Shah1,5
1INM-4, Research Centre Juelich, Juelich,
Germany, 2Dept.
of Psychology, University of Maastricht, Netherlands, 3Dept.
of Biology, TU Darmstadt, Germany, 4Dept.
of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine,
JWG-University, Frankfurt/M, Germany, 5Faculty
of Medicine, JARA, RWTH Aachen University, Germany
A high-resolution diffusion study was performed on a
piece of tissue containing the central sulcus (motor and
sensory cortex). Clear intracortical contrast was
observed, consisting regionally of two bands with
strikingly different T2 and, to some extent, diffusion
contrast from the surrounding grey matter. Their precise
cyto- and myeloarchitectonic origin remains to be
clarified by histology (in progress). The GM and WM of
the fixed tissue were characterised by their ADC and FA
values and we found very good correspondence to values
obtained previously and with a different method for the
visual cortex.
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3242. |
90 |
Small veins of what
diameters are visible in typical susceptibility weighted
sequences?
Matthew P. Quinn1, and Ravi S. Menon1,2
1Medical Biophysics, The University of
Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada, 2Robarts
Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
The goal of this study is to quantify diameters of veins
visible with susceptibility-weighted sequences. A
phantom was constructed wherein a Teflon tube filled
with gadolinium solution was embedded in agarose and
scanned at 3 T. Frequency was measured within the tube
at different resolutions. The frequencies generated by
this phantom were simulated, as were those generated by
a vein in periventricular white matter. Phantom values
were in agreement with corresponding simulation. In a
volunteer, frequency measured in small periventricular
veins is -0.75±0.31 Hz. Interpolation of simulated
values yields diameters on the order of 200 μm for a
0.5x0.5x1.0mm3 voxel.
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91 |
Quantitative Comparison of
Extremely Rapid Structural Data Acquisition Compared to
Conventional MPRAGE
Ross W Mair1,2, Andre J van der Kouwe2,
Thomas Benner2, Bruce Fischl2,3,
and Randy L Buckner1,2
1Center for Brain Science, Harvard
University, Cambridge, MA, United States, 2A.A.
Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts
General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, United States, 3Computer
Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory,
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA,
United States
The multi-echo MPRAGE (MEMPRAGE) sequence was
implemented to reduce signal distortion by acquiring at
a higher bandwidth and averaging multiple echoes to
recover SNR while providing additional T2* information
that can enhance cortical segmentation. Here, we
validate the morphometric results obtained from a rapid
2-minute MEMPRAGE scan by comparison to those from a
conventional 6-minute MPRAGE scan acquired in the same
session. The results indicate that the rapid 2-minute
MEMPRAGE protocol employing 4-fold acceleration can be
used in place of conventional longer MPRAGE scans
without degradation of the quantitative morphometric
results obtained.
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3244. |
92 |
Voxel Based Analysis of 3D
Double Inversion Recovery for the detection of cortical
abnormalities in drug resistant epilepsy
Elise Bannier1,2, Camille Maumet1,2,
Anca Pasnicu3, Jean-Christophe Ferré2,4,
Eduardo Pasqualini5, Arnaud Biraben6,
Jean-Yves Gauvrit2,4, and Christian Barillot2,7
1Neurinfo MR imaging platform, University of
Rennes, Rennes, France, 2INRIA,
VisAGeS Project-Team, Rennes, France, 3CHU
Rennes, Fuctionnal Explorations Department, Rennes,
France, 4CHU
Rennes, Neuroradiology Department, Rennes, France, 5CHU
Rennes, Neurosurgery Department, Rennes, France, 6CHU
Rennes, Neurology Department, Rennes, France, 7INSERM,
U746, Rennes, France
In this study we propose to evaluate, at 3T, using voxel
based analysis the ability of 9-minute Double Inversion
Recovery to detect cortical and juxtacortical lesions in
drug resistant epileptic patients.
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93 |
The contribution of the
inferior parietal cortex to spoken language production
Fatemeh Geranmayeh1, Sonia Brownsett1,
Robert Leech1, Christian F Beckmann1,
and Richard J.S. Wise1
1The Computational, Cognitive and Clinical
Neuroimaging Laboratory, Imperial College London,
London, United Kingdom
This functional MRI study investigated the involvement
of the left inferior parietal cortex (IPC) in speech
production (Speech). We compared Speech with
non-communicative repetitive tongue movements (Tongue).
The data were analyzed with both univariate contrasts
between conditions and independent component analysis
(ICA). Although the former indicated decreased activity
of left IPC during Speech relative to Tongue, the ICA
revealed a Speech component in which there was
correlated activity between left IPC, frontal and
temporal cortices known to be involved in language. This
study confirms that a large extent of the left IPC is
involved in the production of spoken discourse.
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94 |
Increased Myelin Content
Correlates with the Longer T2 Times
of the Intra-/Extra-cellular Water in White Matter
Structures
Bretta Russell-Schulz1, Cornelia Laule2,3,
David Li3, and Alex MacKay1
1Physics and Astronomy, University of British
Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 2Pathology
and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia,
Vancouver, BC, Canada, 3Radiology,
University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
The relationship between myelin water fraction (MWF) and
intra-/extra-cellular water geometric mean T2 (IEgmT2)
was examined in healthy white matter using quantitative
T2. A moderately strong relationship was
found across all structures and a strong correlation was
found between average MWF and average IEgmT2 for
each structure. Based on our experimental results and
simulations, the relationship between IEgmT2 and
MWF does not arise from the fitting algorithm, however,
either varying amounts of extracellular water or
exchange between MW and IE could explain this
relationship.
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95 |
Magnetic Resonance
Morphometry in a Mouse Model of Niemann Pick Type C Disease
John Totenhagen1, Eriko Yoshimaru1,
Robert Erickson2, and Theodore Trouard1
1Biomedical Engineering, University of
Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States, 2Pediatrics,
University of Arizona
High resolution in vivo MR images were collected in a
mouse model of Niemann Pick type C (NPC) disease at 3
timepoints. Brain images were analyzed using volumetry
and morphometry techniques to examine changes in brain
anatomy as the neurodegenerative disease progressed.
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96 |
In vivo high resolution
diffusion tensor imaging of the mouse brain using a
cryogenic probe at 11.7 T
Dan Wu1, Jiadi Xu2, Michael T.
McMahon2, Peter C. M. van Zijl2,3,
Susumu Mori2,3, and Jiangyang Zhang3
1Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins
University School of Medcine, Baltimore, MD, United
States, 2F.M.
Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging,
Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States, 3Russel
H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological
Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medcine,
Baltimore, MD, United States
In this study, we demonstrate the feasibility of
collecting high resolution diffusion tensor images (DTI)
of live mouse brains using a cryogenic probe in
combination with fast imaging sequences. Multi-slice DTI
data with a resolution of 0.12 mm x 0.12 mm x 0.5 mm
could be acquired within 40 minutes, and three
dimensional DTI data of the entire mouse brain at 0.125
mm isotropic resolution could be obtained within 2
hours. This resolution, which was previously only
available with ex vivo imaging, enabled non-invasive
reconstruction of fine white matter tracts of the
thalamus.
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