Body MRI

Wednesday 14 May 2014     13:30 - 14:30

Space 1/Power Poster Theatre & Traditional Poster Hall 
Moderators: Ananth J. Madhuranthakam, Ph.D. & Bachir Taouli, M.D.

Click on this video icon to view the introductory session.

Sergios Gatidis¹, Petros Martirosian¹, Thomas Küstner¹, Ilja Bezrukov², Marcus Scharpf³, Christina Schraml¹, Nina F Schwenzer¹, and Holger Schimdt^1,2
1Department of Radiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, BW, Germany, ²Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, BW, Germany, ³Department of Pathology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, BW, Germany

In this study we implemented and evaluated a combined unsupervised-supervised classification algorithm for the analysis of multiparametrc PET/MRI data that allows for robust classification in cases where prior knowledge about the data is limited. We applied the proposed method to [11C]-Choline-PET/MRI data of the prostate and observed high classification accuracy compared to manual tumor delineation and to histological slices. Numerous applications of this approach are conceivable, especially in areas where histopathological correlation is difficult (e.g. brain imaging) and thus knowledge about ground truth is limited.

Jennifer C Wakefield^1,2, Stavroula Kyriazi¹, Jessica M Winfield¹, Veronica A Morgan², Sharon L Giles², David J Collins^1,2, and Nandita M deSouza^1,2
1Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom, ²Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom

Variability of tumor volumetry and ADC in ovarian cancer metastases was assessed in order to establish their value as response biomarkers. Three tumor burden assessment methods were employed (semi-automated region growing and manual segmentation of DW-MRI data and RECIST measurements on CT) and tumor volume and median ADC determined in 16 patients with primary ovarian cancer by a single radiologist. A second radiologist assessed the tumor burden using an identical semi-automated region growing method. Intra- and inter-observer variabilities were evaluated by calculating the Coefficient of Variation (CV). Volume variability was: intra-observer CV 12.3%, inter-observer CV 17.4%, median ADC variability was lower: intra-observer CV 4.3%, inter-observer CV 4.2%.

Sharon L Giles¹, Nandita M DeSouza², David J Collins², Veronica A Morgan¹, Sharon West³, Faith E Davies³, Gareth J Morgan³, and Christina Messiou^4
1Clinical Magnetic Resonance Unit, Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom, ²Clinical Magnetic Resonance Unit, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom, ³Haemato-oncology Department, Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom, ⁴Department of Radiology, Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom

WB-DWI offers an alternative to SS for detection of myeloma bone disease. This prospective study compared extent of disease shown by WB-DWI and SS by body region (measured by image scores) and correlated the imaging burden of disease (measured by scores and ADC metrics) with the pathological assessment of disease (measured by serum paraprotein and bone marrow histology). WB-DWI scores were significantly higher than SS scores per patient and in every body region except the skull. WB-DWI scores were higher in those with a high disease burden, but there were no significant correlations between imaging and pathological measures of disease.

Chiara Tudisca¹, David Price², Martin Forster³, Heather Fitzke³, and Shonit Punwani^1
1University College London, London, United Kingdom, ²University College London Hospital, United Kingdom, ³University College London, United Kingdom

We explore T2* changes induced by breathing 100% oxygen in metastatic and normal lymph nodes in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and healthy volunteers.

Scott C. Beeman¹, Luise Cullen-McEwan², Min Zhang³, Teresa Wu³, Edwin J. Baldelomar⁴, John P. Dowling², Jennifer R. Charlton⁵, Michael S. Forbes⁵, Amanda Ng², Qi-zhu Wu², James A. Armitage², Victor G. Puelles², Gary F. Egan², John F. Bertram², and Kevin M. Bennett^4
1Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri, United States, ²Monash University, Victoria, Australia, ³Arizona State University, Arizona, United States, ⁴University of Hawaii at Manoa, Hawaii, United States, ⁵University of Virginia, Virginia, United States

Nephron number and size are correlated with risk for chronic cardiovascular and kidney disease and may predict renal allograft viability. Unfortunately, there are no techniques to assess total glomerular number and volume in intact human kidneys. This work demonstrates the use of cationized ferritin as a glomerulus-specific MRI contrast agent to measure glomerular number, volume, and spatial distribution and to detect arterial and glomerular damage in human kidneys.

Ivan E. Dimitrov^1,2, Ananth J. Madhuranthakam^2,3, Qing Yuan³, William A. Grissom^4,5, Takeshi Yokoo^2,3, and Ivan Pedrosa^2,3
1Philips Medical Systems, Cleveland, OH, United States, ²Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States, ³Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States, ⁴Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States, ⁵Radiology, Vanderbilt University, TN, United States

Acquisition of clinical dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MR Enterography is challenged by: (1) need for breath-held high-resolution imaging of the entire abdomen and pelvis; (2) homogenous fat suppression over large FOVs; (3) preferred positioning of patient’s arms along the side of the abdomen to increase compliance. To address these challenges we combine: (a) massive parallel imaging acceleration in two directions; with (b) aggressive reduction of the left-to-right FOV with suppression of out-of-FOV signals by combining sagittal 3D excitation for coronal imaging with custom-designed RF pulses having near-zero stopband excitation. These pulses allow for shorter TEs such that the mathematical conditions for proper DIXON-based water/fat separation are maintained. High-resolution fat-suppressed 3D isotropic, CT-like DCE acquisitions of the abdomen/pelvis were achieved.

Daniel Nanz¹, Stefan Götschi², Johannes M Froehlich^3,4, Natalie Chuck², Raffaele Curcio⁵, Val Murray Runge², Gustav Andreisek², and Andreas Boss^2
1Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland, ²Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland, ³Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETHZ, Zürich, Switzerland, ⁴Guerbet AG, Zürich, Switzerland, ⁵Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland

In an in-vitro study with dilution series of commercially available gadolinium-based MR imaging contrast agents, human-serum albumin and human-serum immunoglobulin G, and based on a multi-variate protein-specific evaluation of the experimental relaxivity data, it could be shown that pathological deviations from normal blood-serum concentration levels of both proteins strongly alter the signal enhancement induced by gadolinium-based MR contrast agents, which may have implications for a wide range of (quantitative) gadolinium-based contrast-enhanced MR imaging applications.

 

Melissa Hooijmans¹, Oleh Dzyubachyk², Kay Nehrke³, Peter Koken³, Maarten Versluis¹, Hermien Kan¹, and Peter Boernert^1,3
1Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Zuid-holland, Netherlands, ²Division of Image Processing, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Zuid-holland, Netherlands, ³Philips Research Laboratories, Hamburg, Germany

Whole body MR screening could be interesting in future clinical practice especially for tumor patients or patients at risk for diabetes and metabolic syndrome. One disadvantage of high field imaging in the clinic is the fact that it is highly affected by in homogeneities of the transmit RF field (B1+) resulting in a reduction in the diagnostic confidence. In whole-body imaging the RF penetration can change station by station and therefore the most ideal situation would be to apply fast B1+ shimming for each individual stack. However, the current B1+ mapping methods are time consuming and are limited by SAR constraints. The recently introduced DREAM technique is very fast and can fill this gap in clinical practice as demonstrated in this whole-body water-fat resolved study. Future applications of this approach to whole body multi-contrast imaging including TSE are conceivable.

André M.J. Sprengers¹, Matthan W.A. Caan², Stijn J. Buitink³, Kevin M. Moerman², Marije P. van der Paardt², Aart J. Nederveen², and Jaap Stoker^2
1Orthopaedic Research Lab, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Gelderland, Netherlands, ²Radiology, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, Noord Holland, Netherlands, ³Kernfysisch Versneller Instituut, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands

Continuously tagged imaging (CTI) expands the application range of tagged imaging from cardiac research to non-repeatable motion such as motility. By sampling every tag pattern just once before refreshing, the registered information of tagline displacement in the temporal direction changes from the Lagrangian to the Eulerian perspective. This study shows how, analogous to conventional triggered tagged imaging, complementary measures can be extracted from tagline variation in spatial and temporal direction. The two measures were demonstrated in a simulated CTI acquisition in a numerical Shepp-Logan phantom and applied to bowel motion during free breathing in one healthy volunteer.

Yong Chen¹, Yun Jiang², Dan Ma², Katherine L Wright², Nicole Seiberlich², Mark A Griswold^1,2, and Vikas Gulani^1,2
1Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States, ²Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States

Quantitative MR imaging in the abdomen is challenging due to the need for large organ coverage, field inhomogeneities, and respiratory motion. In this study, a rapid and robust MR fingerprinting (MRF) technique was developed for abdominal imaging using the previously introduced MRF framework in combination with a FISP acquisition and a Bloch-Siegert B1 mapping method. This technique allows accurate and simultaneous quantification of T1, T2 and proton density within one clinically feasible breath-hold.

Gavin Hamilton¹, Michael S Middleton¹, Lisa Clark¹, Tanya A Chavez¹, Rohit Loomba², and Claude B Sirlin^1
1Department of Radiology, UC San Diego, San Diego, California, United States, ²Department of Medicine, UC San Diego, San Diego, California, United States

We developed a rapid multi-TR, multi-TE ¹H MRS sequence for in vivo hepatic fat quantification and characterization that acquires 32 single-average spectra in a single breath-hold. Spectra were acquired without contrast at 3 Tesla in 252 adult subjects. T1 and T2 of liver fat and water, and liver liver proton density fat fraction (PDFF) were measured. Water and fat T1 values were strongly correlated, whereas water and fat T2 values were uncorrelated. For water, T2 increased with increasing T1, whereas for fat, T2 decreased with T1. For increasing PDFF, water T2 decreased and fat T2 increased.

Jun Chen¹, Meng Yin¹, Jennifer Oudry², Jayant Talwalkar¹, Kevin Glaser¹, Thomas Smyrk¹, and Richard Ehman^1
1Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States, ²Echosens, Paris, France

Since liver biopsy -the reference method- has some significant limitations for detecting hepatic fibrosis, noninvasive technologies have been developed, such as MR Elastography (MRE), Fibroscan and FIBROSpect II. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of these three methods in a single patient population with a consideration for interobserver variations of liver pathology. ROC analysis shows a diagnostic accuracy (>= F2) of 90.7%, 88.9% and 83.0% for MRE, FIBROSpect II and Fibroscan, respectively. MRE has the highest negative predictive value (90.0%), indicating patients without clinically significant fibrosis could be diagnosed by MRE and avoid liver biopsy.

Onur Afacan¹, Ali Gholipour¹, Robert V. Mulkern¹, Carol Barnewolt², Sigrid Bairdain³, Judy Estroff², Susan Connolly², and Simon K. Warfield^1
1Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States, ²Advanced Fetal Care Center, Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States, ³Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States

The aim of the study is to establish the normal range of fetal lung diffusion values measured at 3T in fetuses with normal lung development. We have found a high correlation between ADC and gestational age in fetuses with normal lung development. This study will help to determine whether the diffusion coefficient can be used to assess fetal lung development, which may lead to an improved understanding of the risk factors for adverse outcome, and ultimately facilitate successful fetal intervention in fetuses most at risk of adverse outcome.

Jean A Tkach¹, Alan H Jobe², Suhas G Kallapur², Jeffrey A Whitsett², Robert J Fleck¹, Stephanie L Merhar², Charles L Dumoulin¹, and Jason C Woods^1,3
1Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States, ²Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States, ³Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States

Respiratory pathologies are common in premature infants. Pulmonary MRI h has the potential to provide detailed diagnostic information about pulmonary anatomy and function. In this study, its potential utility in neonatal medicine was evaluated. Two identical small footprint 1.5T MR systems designed for imaging neonates and installation within the neonatal intensive care unit were employed to perform pre-clinical and neonatal pulmonary MRI exams. The results demonstrate the feasibility and utility of this neonatal imaging platform to obtain detailed diagnostic thoracic MRI in the neonate, perform longitudinal studies of normal and abnormal lung development, and to evaluate treatment response to therapy.

Sajoscha A. Sorrentino¹, Julius Renne¹, Christian Schoenfeld¹, Jan Hinrichs¹, Marcel Gutberlet¹, Andreas Voskrebenzev¹, Burkhard Tuemmler², Frank Wacker¹, and Jens Vogel-Claussen^1
1Radiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany, ²Pediatric Pulmonology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany

This study shows for the first time a significant increase in pulmonary blood flow and oxygenation after a single treatment with inhalation of hypertonic saline (7% NaCl) in patients with cystic fibrosis, assessed by functional lung MRI, making it a promising, non-invasive, radiation-free tool for visualization and quantification of regional effects in the treatment of patients with cystic fibrosis.