Qin-He Zhang¹, Li-Zhi Xie², and Ai-Lian Liu^1
1The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China, ²MR Research, Beijing, China

This study assessed the correlation between preperitoneal fat and cardiometabolic risk factors. The results showed that preperitoneal FF and area were associated with specific risk factors, and the correlation coefficient varied by sex. This plays an important role in our further understanding about the association between ectopic fat deposition and cardiometabolic risk factors.

Zhao Fan yu¹, Chen Yidi¹, Zhang Huiting², Stephan Kannengiesser³, and Long Liling^1
1Radiology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China, ²Siemens Healthcare Ltd, MR Scientific Marketing, Wuhan, China, ³Siemens Healthcare GmbH, MR Application Development, Erlangen, Germany

Feasibility and accuracy of confounder-corrected 3D multi-echo-Dixon (ME-Dixon) imaging and T2-corrected multi-echo single-voxel (HISTO) spectroscopy for the quantification of liver iron content at 3T MRI were investigated in rabbits with or without fatty liver, compared with conventional 2D multi-gradient-echo (2D GRE) imaging, using histopathology as a reference. The results showed that compared with HISTO (R2_water) method, the multi-echo Dixon (R2*) method was found to be superior for liver iron and fat evaluations. AUC calculations showed that both the ME-Dixon and 2D GRE values had high accuracy for diagnosing liver iron overload in the rabbit model for LICs up to 7mg/g. 

Atsushi Higaki¹, Tsutomu Tamada¹, Yu Ueda², Akihiko Kanki³, and Akira Yamamoto^3
1Radiology, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan, ²Phillips Japan, Tokyo, Japan, ³Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan

For the early diagnosis of portal hypertension, the relationship between portal venous hemodynamic changes and degree of liver fibrosis was evaluated using abdominal 4D-flow MR imaging. Flow quantification was performed in the middle part of the portal trunk. The forward flow was significantly correlated with Fib-4 index. In the comparison between the three groups divided by the degree of fibrosis, only the average velocity was significantly different. As the liver fibrosis progressed, the forward flow of the portal vein increased. The average velocity of the portal vein may be useful for early diagnosis of liver fibrosis.

Wenjun Zhang¹, Nan Wang¹, Ailian Liu¹, Jiazheng Wang², Qingwei Song¹, Renwang Pu¹, and Lihua Chen^1
1the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Dalian, China, ²Philips Healthcare, Dalian, China

Liver function information plays an important role in the decision-making of treatment strategy in liver cirrhosis and in the prevention of liver failure after treatment. In recent years, more and more evidence of Gd-EOB-DTPA MRI T1mapping can be used to the liver and partial liver function. As cirrhosis often leads to changes in liver-related blood flow, we demonstrate the feasibility of 4D Flow MRI on quantitative assessment of the disease. 

Lesheng Huang¹, Weiyin Vivian Liu ², Tianzhu Liu ¹, Hongyi Li¹, Jinghua Jiang¹, Wanchun Zhang¹, Jiahui Tang¹, Meng Hu¹, Dong Zhang¹, Guangjun Tian¹, Jun Chen¹, Tao He¹, Kaili Cai¹, and Yifeng Wang^1
1Guangdong Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhuhai, China, ²MR Research, GE Healthcare, Beijing, China 100176, Beijing, China

IVIM is reckoned as a valuable tool for non-invasive detection and evaluation of liver fibrosis staging. However, only more small b values used in one scan improve the diagnosis of liver fibrosis. In clinics, the different fibrosis stages overlap in the same inflammation level. However, both physiological expressions were different. To distinguish fibrosis from inflammation on images may help clinical diagnosis and provide more effective treatments for patients. Our study demonstrated that Dfast indeed had excellent discrimination ability of early liver fibrosis S1 and S2 in CHB patients with the same inflammation grade.

Tae-Hoon Kim¹, Youe Ree Kim^2,3, Chang-Won Jeong¹, Chungsub Lee¹, SiHyeong Noh¹, Ji Eon Kim¹, Young Hwan Lee^2,3, and Kwon-Ha Yoon^2,3
1Medical Convergence Research Center, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Korea, Republic of, ²Radiology, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, Korea, Republic of, ³Radiology, Wonkwang University Hospital, Iksan, Korea, Republic of

The assessment of liver surface nodularity (LSN) is emerging importance to diagnose hepatic fibrotic changes in clinical. The imaging techniques MRI and CT are gold-standard methods to estimate LSN scores. However, in clinical practice, the manual LSN assessment of whole liver is time-consuming. Therefore, it is powerful for assessing LSN score from a single slice image instead of whole liver images. This study compared the regional variation of LSN score for assessing fibrotic changes on a single liver MR image in chronic liver disease (CLD). 

Valentin H. Prevost¹, Julien Rouyer², Wolter de Graaf³, and Bruno Triaire^1
1Canon Medical Systems Corporation, Tochigi, Japan, ²Department of Research & Innovation, Olea Medical, La Ciotat, France, ³Canon Medical Systems Europe, Zoetermeer, Netherlands

Diffusion-weighted based virtual elastography is a new approach proposing for liver elasticity assessment without the use of additional equipment. As abdominal imaging is challenging in a clinical context, this work investigated the potential of a respiratory triggered implementation with a dedicated image registration pipeline. Results analysis concluded to a signal-to-noise ratio increase, an organ delineation improvement, an overall signal dispersion reduction in liver and equal results for registered images using only two averages compared to six averages without registration. This dedicated postprocessing appears to enhance the liver elasticity assessment accuracy, with scan times that are feasible in a clinical context.

Monchai Phonlakrai¹, Behzad Asadi², Neda Gholizadeh³, Kate Skehan², Liam Hilleary², Jameen Arms⁴, Saadallah Ramadan^5,6, John Simpson^2,3, Jonathan Goodwin^2,3, Jarad Martin^2,7, Yuvnik Trada², Swetha Sridharan^2,7, and Peter Greer^2,3
1School of Health Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia, ²Radiation Oncology, Calvary Mater Newcastle Hospital, Newcastle, Australia, ³School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia, ⁴Diagnostic Radiology, Calvary Mater Newcastle Hospital, Newcastle, Australia, ⁵Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia, ⁶HMRI Imaging Centre, John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, Australia, ⁷School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia

Dynamic gadoxetate contrast-enhanced MRI yields spatial hepatocellular function through hepatic extraction fraction map. This allows well-functioning hepatocyte sparing in radiotherapy to avoid radiation-induced liver toxicity. However, the major challenge of using this parametric map in a clinical practice for normal function sparing is the lack of standard method to determine liver function at a voxel level within the same patient. As such, population-based kernel density function was proposed to deal with this problem to predict voxel-based probability of liver function. This novel approach also allows derivation of functional probability map that could be used for radiation beam guidance in function-based radiation treatment planning.

Qiu caixin¹, Xie shuangshuang¹, Sun yajie¹, Zhu jinxia², Xu yahui¹, and Shen wen^1
1Radiology Department, Tianjin First Center Hospital, TIANJIN, China, ²MR Collaboration, Siemens Healthcare Ltd., BEIJING, China

In this study, we used T1 and T2 mapping to quantify the microscopic changes of residual liver in normal and cirrhotic liver rats after partial hepatectomy (PH). The results showed that liver regeneration activity was more active in the rats with 70% PH than 30% PH, consistent with changes in T1 and T2 values. Furthermore, regeneration in cirrhotic liver was slower than in normal liver. However, in the process of regeneration, liver cirrhosis may be reversed to different degrees. The results suggested that T1 and T2 mapping can be used to assess liver regeneration after PH.

Shuangshuang Lu¹, Jian Lu¹, Aina Huang¹, Xueqin Zhang¹, Tao Zhang¹, and Weibo Chen^2
1Nantong University Affiliated Nantong Third People's Hospital, Nantong, China, ²Philips Healthcare Shanghai, China, Shanghai, China

The purpose of this study was to develop and validate an optimal radiomics-based model for diagnosis of advanced liver fibrosis. Firstly, multimodal MRI was performed before and 20 minutes after Gd-EOB-DTPA administration. Secondly, the clinical diagnosis model, fusion radiomics signature and radiomics nomogram model were established in the training cohort. Finally, the diagnostic value of three models was confirmed in the validation cohort. 

Zhengzheng Tao^1,2, Zhiqiang Chu³, Jiabing Jiang^1,2, Qing He^1,2, Jinxia Zhu⁴, Robert Grimm⁵, and Qian Ji^2
1First Central Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China, ²Department of Radiology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China, ³Department of Transplantation, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China, ⁴MR Collaboration, Siemens Healthcare, Beijing, China, ⁵Siemens Healthcare GmbH, Erlangen, Germany

Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides various noninvasive and quantitative diagnostic information. This study assessed the value of multiparametric MRI in liver regeneration after warm ischemic-reperfusion injury (WIRI) in a rabbit model with different warm ischemia and reperfusion times. The results showed that the tissue diffusivity (Dslow), pseudo-diffusion coefficient (Dfast), perfusion fraction (PF), apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), fractional anisotropy (FA), and R2* maps reflected changes in hepatic microcirculation perfusion, micro-dispersion, and oxygenation of hepatic WIRI after partial hepatectomy. Liver regeneration capacities were enhanced when warm ischemia times were 30 minutes or less; however, they were diminished after 30 minutes.

Mikael Montelius¹, Steven Sourbron², Nicola Melillo³, Daniel Scotcher³, Aleksandra Galetin³, Gunnar Schuetz⁴, Claudia Green⁴, Edvin Johansson¹, John C. Waterton^3,5, and Paul Hockings^1
1Antaros Medical, BioVenture Hub, Mölndal, Sweden, ²University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom, ³University of Manchester, MANCHESTER, United Kingdom, ⁴Bayer Pharma AG, BERLIN, Germany, ⁵Bioxydyn, Manchester Science Park, MANCHESTER, United Kingdom

Drug Induced Liver Injury causes liver failure and impedes drug development, and Drug-Drug Interactions affect the pharmacokinetics of drug metabolism and excretion. Non-invasive biomarkers are needed to monitor these processes. We used gadoxetate DCE-MRI to measure clinical and high dose rifampicin effects on hepatocellular uptake in acute and chronic dosing regimens in rats. High dose rifampicin caused significantly reduced gadoxetate uptake acutely, whereas uptake rates returned to baseline values after chronic dosing. Similar but non-significant effects were seen at clinical dose levels. We demonstrated the potential of gadoxetate DCE-MRI to non-invasively assess drug-induced inhibition of hepatocellular transport and DDIs.

Hongyi Li¹, Weiyin Vivian Liu², Lesheng Huang¹, Tianzhu Liu¹, Jinghua Jiang¹, Wanchun Zhang¹, Jiahui Tang¹, Tao He¹, and Jun Chen^1
1Guangdong Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhuhai, China, ²MR Research, GE Healthcare, Beijing, China, Beijing, China

The purpose was to evaluate the feasibility of IVIM variables in distinction of patients with early liver fibrosis stages(F1-2). Eight volunteers and 21 patients suspected chronic hepatitis B with fibrosis stage F1 or F2 were recruited. Correlations between all IVIM and DWI variables and ALT, AST, GGT values were analyzed. Two-segment mono-exponential model derived D_slow,TM was statistically different between volunteers and F1 patients(p< 0.05) with AUC of 0.740. The correlation between bi-exponential model derived D_slow,B and GGT was fair(r =0.513, p < 0.05).

Jiang jinghua¹, Weiyin Vivian LIu², Huang Lesheng¹, Liu Tianzhu¹, Li Hongyi ¹, Chen Jun ¹, Zhang Wanchun ¹, He Tao ¹, and Tang Jiahui ^1
1Department of Radiology, Guangdong Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhuhai,519000, China, zhuhai, China, ²MR Reaearch,GE healthcare, Beijing,China, China

IVIM, as a noninvasive tool, has good diagnostic performance in the detection and staging grading of liver fibrosis

Chang Li¹, Mengzhu Wang², and Canhui Sun^1
1The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China, ²MR Scientific Marketing, Siemens Healthcare, Guangzhou, China

Acute cellular rejection (ACR) occurs in 10-40% patients following liver transplantation (LT). Diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) provides more information about microstructure than standard monoexponential diffusion method. We analyzed the whole-liver volume histogram metrics of D map, K map, and ADC map with comparison those of the ACR and non-ACR group. Statistical analysis shows that most metrics of D maps were significantly lower in the ACR group than those in the non-ACR group, while most metrics of K maps were significantly higher in the ACR group those in the non-ACR group. None of the metrics of ADC maps were significantly different.

Xu Fang¹, Yun Bian¹, Kai Cao¹, Chengwei Shao¹, Li Wang¹, and Jianping Lu^1
1Changhai Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai, China

N/A

Xinqi Wang¹, Yi Wang², Ailian Liu³, and Qinhe Zhang^3
1School of Medical Imaging, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China, ²Department of Radiology, Dalian Friendship Hospital, Dalian, China, ³Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China

It is difficult to differentiate the pancreatic ductail adenocinama(PDAC) from solidpseudopapillary tumer of the pancreas(SPTP),due to their similar imaging characteristics,especially in pancreatic cancer sac change occurs.Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is a kind of magnetic resonance technology which can image the diffusion of water molecules in living tissues. There was significant difference in DTI quantitative parameters Fractional Aniso (FA) ,Volume ratio Aniso (VRA), Isotropic image(Iso) and T2-weightial trace(T2-T) between PDAC and SPTP. Therefore, DWI derivative sequences may be an effective method to identify PDAC and SPTP.